Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2020 Jan 28;15(1):e0228194. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228194. eCollection 2020.
One way to increase physical activity in offices is to install treadmill workstations, where office workers can walk on a treadmill while performing their normal tasks. However, the experiences of people using these treadmill workstations over a long period of time is not known. In this 13-month study, we explored the experiences of office workers with treadmill workstations available in their offices. After completing a larger randomized controlled trial with 80 office workers ages 40 to 67 years with overweight or obesity, we interviewed 20 participants from the intervention group, using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach with constant comparison of emerging codes, subcategories, and categories, followed by connecting the categories to create a core category. The core category is described as the "Ability to benefit." Although all participants had a rather high motivational level and pre-existing knowledge about the health benefits of increasing physical activity at work, they had different capacities for benefiting from the intervention. The categories are described as ideal types: the Convinced, the Competitive, the Responsible, and the Vacillating. These ideal types do not represent any single participant but suggest generalized abstractions of experiences and strategies emerging from the coding of the interviews. One participant could easily have more than one ideal type. Because of differences in ideal type strategies and paths used throughout the course of the study, participants had different abilities to benefit from the intervention. Knowledge regarding the ideal types may be applied to facilitate the use of the treadmill workstations. Because different ideal types might require different prompts for behavior change, tailored intervention strategies directed towards specific ideal types could be necessary.
一种增加办公室体力活动的方法是安装跑步机工作站,让办公室工作人员在执行正常任务的同时在跑步机上行走。然而,人们长期使用这些跑步机工作站的经验尚不清楚。在这项为期 13 个月的研究中,我们探讨了办公室工作人员在办公室中使用跑步机工作站的体验。在对 80 名年龄在 40 至 67 岁、超重或肥胖的办公室工作人员进行了一项更大的随机对照试验后,我们使用半结构化访谈指南对干预组的 20 名参与者进行了访谈。使用扎根理论方法对数据进行分析,对新兴代码、子类别和类别进行持续比较,然后将类别连接起来创建核心类别。核心类别被描述为“受益能力”。尽管所有参与者的动机水平都相当高,并且对在工作中增加体力活动的健康益处有预先存在的了解,但他们从干预中受益的能力却有所不同。这些类别被描述为理想类型:坚信者、竞争型、有责任感的和犹豫不决的。这些理想类型并不代表任何单个参与者,而是暗示了从访谈编码中出现的经验和策略的一般抽象。一个参与者可能很容易具有多种理想类型。由于在整个研究过程中理想类型策略和路径的差异,参与者从干预中受益的能力也不同。有关理想类型的知识可以应用于促进跑步机工作站的使用。由于不同的理想类型可能需要不同的行为改变提示,因此可能需要针对特定理想类型的定制干预策略。