Iriti Marcello, Vitalini Sara
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Jan 24;8(1):42. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8010042.
The development of novel strategies of plant disease management is crucial in view of the growing demand of sustainability in agri-food chains. The use of agrochemicals is not without risk for the consumer and environment in terms of their residues in food, feed, water bodies and harmful effects on nontarget organisms. However, because of the high global annual yield losses attributable to plant diseases and also due to global climate changes that have exacerbated some phytosanitary emergences, chemical input in agriculture is mandatory. In this complex scenario, the use of agrochemicals that boost the plant immune system represents a relatively novel approach in crop protection. These plant protection products are not antimicrobial or fungicidal agents, but include both natural and synthetic elicitors and plant activators that only target the host immune system, with no biocide mechanism of action. In general, these products present a number of strengths: they leave no residue and should not select resistant pathogen strains, they can be used to control virus diseases, and can increase the levels of bioactive phytochemicals in plant foods.
鉴于农业食品链对可持续性的需求不断增长，开发新型植物病害管理策略至关重要。就农用化学品在食品、饲料、水体中的残留以及对非靶标生物的有害影响而言，其使用对消费者和环境并非没有风险。然而，由于全球每年因植物病害造成的产量损失巨大，以及全球气候变化加剧了一些植物检疫突发事件，农业中的化学投入是必不可少的。在这种复杂的情况下，使用能增强植物免疫系统的农用化学品是作物保护中一种相对新颖的方法。这些植物保护产品不是抗菌剂或杀真菌剂，而是包括天然和合成的诱导子以及植物激活剂，它们仅针对宿主免疫系统，没有杀生物作用机制。一般来说，这些产品有许多优点：它们无残留，不应选择抗性病原菌菌株，可用于控制病毒病害，并能提高植物性食品中生物活性植物化学物质的含量。
