Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 28;20(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-8026-0.
Khat (Catha edulis) is a fresh green leave commonly chewed for recreational purpose and its euphoric effect as a result of dopamine activities stimulation effect of Khat. Women may use Khat during their pregnancy to tolerate their pregnancy related distress. Khat has biological, social or psychological complications; adverse pregnancy outcomes and negatively affects the health of the mother and the fetus. However, magnitude, pattern and associated factors of Khat use are not well addressed among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to address this gap by assessing the magnitude and associated factors of Khat use among women attending antenatal care service at Gedeo zone rural health centers.
This was a facility based cross-sectional study conducted at rural health centers in Gedeo zone from June 1 to August 1, 2017. The data were collected through structured interview using an interview guide developed from different literatures. A total of 718 pregnant women attending antenatal care service participated in the study using multi stage sampling technique. Bivariable and multivariable analysis were used to identify associated factors of Khat use among women during their current pregnancy period. In the multivariable analysis, variables with P-Values of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant correlates of Khat use. The strength of the association was also measured with adjusted odds ratio at a corresponding 95% confidence interval.
The lifetime and current prevalence of khat use among pregnant women were 11.0% (95%CI: 8.8-13.2) and 9.9% (95% CI: 7.7-12), respectively. The odds of being khat user was higher among those who had khat user partner [AOR = 3.450, 95% C.I (1.907-6.244)], respondents with alcohol use behavior [AOR = 3.235, 95% C.I (1.573-6.659)] and mental distress [AOR = 3.575, 95% C.I (2.067-6.189)].
Significant proportions of pregnant women were experiencing khat chewing during pregnancy. Having khat user partner, alcohol use behavior and metal distress were significantly associated with khat use of pregnant women. This demonstrates a need to integrate the prevention, early identification and intervention of Khat use as a component of treatment modality for pregnant women during their antenatal visit.
阿拉伯茶（Catha edulis）是一种新鲜的绿色叶子，常被咀嚼用于娱乐目的，其欣快作用是由于多巴胺活动刺激阿拉伯茶的作用。女性在怀孕期间可能会使用阿拉伯茶来忍受与怀孕有关的痛苦。阿拉伯茶具有生物、社会或心理并发症；不良的妊娠结局并对母亲和胎儿的健康产生负面影响。然而，在埃塞俄比亚的孕妇中，阿拉伯茶的使用程度、模式和相关因素并没有得到很好的解决。本研究旨在通过评估 Gedeo 区农村卫生中心产前保健服务中孕妇使用阿拉伯茶的程度和相关因素来解决这一差距。
这是一项在 2017 年 6 月 1 日至 8 月 1 日期间在 Gedeo 区农村卫生中心进行的基于设施的横断面研究。通过使用从不同文献中开发的访谈指南进行结构化访谈收集数据。采用多阶段抽样技术，共有 718 名参加产前保健服务的孕妇参加了研究。采用单变量和多变量分析来确定当前怀孕期间妇女使用阿拉伯茶的相关因素。在多变量分析中，P 值小于 0.05 的变量被认为是与阿拉伯茶使用相关的统计学显著因素。关联的强度也通过相应的 95%置信区间调整后的优势比进行测量。
孕妇一生中使用阿拉伯茶的比例为 11.0%（95%CI：8.8-13.2），目前使用阿拉伯茶的比例为 9.9%（95% CI：7.7-12）。有阿拉伯茶使用者伴侣的孕妇成为阿拉伯茶使用者的可能性更高[优势比（AOR）=3.450，95%置信区间（1.907-6.244）]，有酒精使用行为的受访者[AOR=3.235，95%置信区间（1.573-6.659）]和精神困扰[AOR=3.575，95%置信区间（2.067-6.189）]。
相当比例的孕妇在怀孕期间吸食阿拉伯茶。有阿拉伯茶使用者伴侣、饮酒行为和金属困扰与孕妇吸食阿拉伯茶显著相关。这表明需要将预防、早期识别和干预阿拉伯茶的使用作为孕妇产前就诊治疗模式的一部分。
