Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chełmońskiego 22, Postal code: 15-195, Bialystok, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 28;10(1):1323. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58130-3.
Herbs may contain pesticide residues which are an important discriminator of food security and food quality. The challenge of the research was to assess the fate of the herbicide clethodim (CLE) and the insecticide spirotetramat (SPI) applied in herbs (BBCH 11-21) during herb growth and processing under controlled greenhouse trial conditions. The metabolic profile of CLE and SPI and their degradation products in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.) was also presented. The half-lives of CLE and SPI in herbs were 1.10-1.56 days and 0.51-0.83 days, respectively. The terminal residues of SPI (SPI-enol, SPI-ketohydroxy, SPI-monohydroxy and SPI-enol-glucoside) and CLE (CLE-sulfone and CLE-sulfoxide) in herbal matrices were measured below EU maximum residue limits. In this paper, we aimed to assess the impact of washing and dehydratation pretreatment and calculated processing factors (PFs) which can be applied to more accurate food safety assessments. The PF values of CLE and SPI after drying prior washing was below 1 indicating reduction of initial residues. Drying process without washing demonstrated increases of SPI concentrations (PF up to 1.50). The lowest PFs were obtained when raw herbal plants were washed before drying showing almost complete degradation of parent compound (93-99%).
草药可能含有农药残留，这是食品安全和食品质量的一个重要判别因素。这项研究的挑战是评估在温室控制试验条件下，草药（生长阶段 11-21）生长和加工过程中，施用的除草剂氯氟草（CLE）和杀虫剂螺虫乙酯（SPI）的去向。本研究还介绍了 CLE 和 SPI 及其在罗勒（Ocimum basilicum L.）、薄荷（Mentha × piperita L.）和鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis L.）中的代谢产物和降解产物的情况。在草药中，CLE 和 SPI 的半衰期分别为 1.10-1.56 天和 0.51-0.83 天。草药基质中 SPI（SPI-烯醇、SPI-酮基羟基、SPI-单羟基和 SPI-烯醇葡萄糖苷）和 CLE（CLE-砜和 CLE-亚砜）的最终残留量低于欧盟最大残留限量。本文旨在评估清洗和脱水预处理对食品安全性评估的影响，并计算可应用于更准确食品安全性评估的加工因子（PF）。清洗前干燥时 CLE 和 SPI 的 PF 值均低于 1，表明初始残留量减少。干燥过程不清洗会增加 SPI 浓度（PF 高达 1.50）。在干燥前清洗新鲜草药时，获得的 PF 值最低，表明母体化合物几乎完全降解（93-99%）。
