动态转录组谱分析探索法医重要的丽蝇，Aldrichina grahami（双翅目：Calliphoridae）的耐寒性。

Dynamic transcriptome profiling exploring cold tolerance in forensically important blow fly, Aldrichina grahami (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

机构信息

Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.

出版信息

BMC Genomics. 2020 Jan 29;21(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6509-0.

DOI:10.1186/s12864-020-6509-0

PMID:31996132

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6988367/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Aldrichina grahami (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a forensically important fly, which has been widely applied to practical legal investigations. Unlike other necrophagous flies, A. grahami exhibits cold tolerance which helps to maintain its activity during low-temperature months, when other species are usually not active. Hence, A. grahami is considered an important forensic insect especially in cold seasons. In this study, we aim to explore the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance of A. grahami through transcriptome.

RESULTS

We collected eggs and larvae (first-instar, second-instar and third-instar) at three different temperatures (4 °C, 12 °C and 20 °C) and performed RNA-seq analyses. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the cold-tolerance were screened out. The Venn analysis of DEGs from egg to third-instar larvae at three different temperatures showed there were 9 common genes. Candidate biological processes and genes were identified which refer to growth, and development of different temperatures, especially the chitin and cuticle metabolic process. The series-clusters showed crucial and unique trends when the temperature changed. Moreover, by comparing the results of growth and developmental transcriptomes from different temperatures, we found that DEGs belonging to the family of larval cuticle proteins (LCP), pupal cuticle protein (CUP), and heat shock proteins (HSP) have certain differences.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified functional genes and showed differences in the expression pattern of diverse temperatures. The DEGs series-clusters with increasing or decreasing trends were analyzed which may play an important role in cold-tolerance. Moreover, the findings in LCP, CUP and HSP showed more possible modulations in a cold environment. This work will provide valuable information for the future investigation of the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance in A. grahami.

摘要

背景

Aldrichina grahami（双翅目：Calliphoridae）是一种具有重要法医学意义的蝇类，已被广泛应用于实际法律调查中。与其他食腐蝇不同，A. grahami 具有耐寒性，这有助于在低温月份保持其活动能力，而其他物种通常在低温月份不活跃。因此，A. grahami 被认为是一种重要的法医昆虫，尤其是在寒冷季节。在本研究中，我们旨在通过转录组探索 A. grahami 耐寒性的分子机制。

结果

我们在三个不同温度（4°C、12°C 和 20°C）下收集了卵和幼虫（第一龄、第二龄和第三龄），并进行了 RNA-seq 分析。筛选出与耐寒性相关的差异表达基因（DEGs）。在三个不同温度下从卵到第三龄幼虫的 DEGs 的 Venn 分析显示有 9 个共同基因。鉴定出与不同温度下的生长和发育相关的候选生物学过程和基因，特别是几丁质和表皮代谢过程。随着温度的变化，系列聚类显示出关键和独特的趋势。此外，通过比较不同温度下生长和发育转录组的结果，我们发现属于幼虫表皮蛋白（LCP）、蛹表皮蛋白（CUP）和热休克蛋白（HSP）家族的 DEGs 存在一定差异。

结论

本研究鉴定了功能基因，并显示了不同温度下表达模式的差异。分析了具有增加或减少趋势的 DEGs 系列聚类，它们可能在耐寒性中发挥重要作用。此外，在 LCP、CUP 和 HSP 中发现的结果表明，在寒冷环境中可能会有更多的调节。这项工作将为未来研究 A. grahami 耐寒性的分子机制提供有价值的信息。