School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport & Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 29;20(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8232-9.
Many young people form unhealthy behavioural habits, such as low intake of fruit and vegetables, high intake of energy-dense snack foods, and excessive sedentary screen-based behaviours. However, there is a shortage of parent-and home-focused interventions to change multiple health behaviours in children.
Kids FIRST was a 12-week, home- and school-based pilot randomised controlled trial to reduce screen-time and unhealthy snacking with assessments at pre- (baseline) and post-intervention. Four UK schools were randomised to control or one of three interventions targeting reductions in (1) screen-time and unhealthy snacking (ST + Sn), (2) screen-time (ST only), (3) unhealthy snacking (Sn only), and parents with children aged 9-11 years were recruited via schools. Intervention group parents received four online 'sessions' and four packages of resources tailored to each group. Children received four 30-min lessons during school time. Children and parents reported their own screen-time behaviours, children reported their own snacking behaviours. Descriptive analyses were undertaken using principles of intention to treat.
Initial feasibility was shown in that this study successfully recruited schools and families into all four study arms and retained them over a period of 13 weeks (retention rate ≥ 74%). Seventy-five children and 64 parents provided full baseline questionnaire data. Reductions in children's school day and weekend day TV/DVD viewing and computer game use were found in the ST + Sn and ST groups, while self-reported smartphone use increased in these groups. Similar results were found for parents' TV/DVD, computer and smartphone use in these groups. Little to no changes were found in reports of the dietary variables assessed in any intervention group for children or parents.
These preliminary findings show some promise for the Kids FIRST intervention. Based on these findings, a future full trial should recruit a more diverse sample of families and optimise the intervention and intervention resources to more fully engage parents with the dietary-based components of the intervention programme, where fewer changes were seen. Although most parents reporting receiving the intervention resources, further development work is required to achieve higher levels of engagement. This might include greater parent and child engagement work early in the development of the project.
Retrospectively registered in June 21st 2019 with ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT03993652).
许多年轻人养成了不健康的行为习惯，例如水果和蔬菜摄入量低、高能量零食摄入量高以及久坐不动的屏幕行为过多。然而，针对儿童多种健康行为的家长和家庭为重点的干预措施却很少。
Kids FIRST 是一项为期 12 周的家庭和学校为基础的试点随机对照试验，旨在减少屏幕时间和不健康的零食摄入，并在干预前后进行评估。四所英国学校被随机分为对照组或三组干预组之一，干预组分别针对减少（1）屏幕时间和不健康零食（ST+Sn）、（2）屏幕时间（仅 ST）、（3）不健康零食（仅 Sn）。9-11 岁儿童的家长通过学校招募。干预组家长接受了四次在线“课程”和四次针对每个组的资源包。孩子们在学校时间里上了四节 30 分钟的课程。儿童和家长报告自己的屏幕时间行为，儿童报告自己的零食行为。采用意向治疗原则进行描述性分析。
初始可行性表明，该研究成功地招募了所有四组的学校和家庭，并在 13 周的时间内保留了他们（保留率≥74%）。75 名儿童和 64 名家长提供了完整的基线问卷数据。在 ST+Sn 和 ST 组中，儿童的上学日和周末日电视/ DVD 观看和电脑游戏使用减少，而这些组中智能手机的自我报告使用增加。在这些组中，家长的电视/ DVD、电脑和智能手机使用也有类似的结果。在任何干预组中，儿童或家长报告的饮食变量都没有明显变化。
这些初步发现表明，Kids FIRST 干预措施有一定的前景。基于这些发现，未来的全面试验应该招募更多样化的家庭样本，并优化干预措施和干预资源，以更充分地让家长参与到干预计划的饮食部分，因为在这些部分中变化较小。尽管大多数家长报告收到了干预资源，但需要进一步的开发工作来实现更高水平的参与。这可能包括在项目早期阶段加强家长和儿童的参与工作。
2019 年 6 月 21 日在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上进行回顾性注册（编号 NCT03993652）。
