Ahmadi Hanie, Haddadi-Asl Vahid, Ghafari Hassan-Ali, Ghorbanzadeh Roghayeh, Mazlum Yasaman, Bahador Abbas
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2020 Jun;30:101674. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101674. Epub 2020 Jan 26.
Potential complications during fixed orthodontic procedures are white spot lesions (WSLs) and tooth decay. This study evaluated the anti-biofilm activity of an orthodontic adhesive (OA) incorporating curcumin (Cur) doped Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (Cur-PLGA-NPs), which can have the highest concentration of Cur-PLGA-NPs and shear bond strength (SBS) value simultaneously, against cariogenic bacteria i.e., Streptococcus mutans.
Following synthesis and confirmation of Cur-PLGA-NPs, SBS and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of the modified orthodontic adhesives (MOA) containing Cur-PLGA-NPs (3, 5, 7, and 10 % wt.) were measured using universal testing machine and stereomicroscope, respectively. After artificial aging (continuously rinsed up to 180 days), the residual anti-biofilm ability of MOA which can have the highest concentration of Cur-PLGA-NPs and SBS value simultaneously were determined by anti-biofilm assay following photoexcited enamel slab bonded brackets by MOA containing Cur-PLGA-NPs against S. mutans biofilms using crystal violet assay.
Adhesive with 7 % wt. Cur-PLGA-NPs revealed the highest concentration of Cur-PLGA-NPs and SBS value (16.19 ± 2.69 MPa, P < 0.05) simultaneously. No statistically significant difference in ARI scores was observed between the MOA and control (Transbond XT without the Cur-PLGA-NPs). On days 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 there was a considerable decrease in optical density (OD) of preformed S. mutans biofilms on photoexcited enamel slab bonded brackets using MOA containing 7 % wt. Cur-PLGA-NPs, to 94.1 %, 79.6 %, 69.6 %, 69.4 %, and, 55.1 % respectively in comparison to the control group (all, P < 0.05). From days 150 onwards, microbial biofilm formation was progressively increased on enamel slab bonded brackets using MOA containing 7 % wt. Cur-PLGA-NPs compared to the control group (OA). Although chlorhexidine (2 %; as positive control) showed significant activity against pre-formed S. mutans biofilms on enamel slab bonded brackets using OA (99.1 % biofilm reduction; P = 0.001), its activity was slightly higher but not significant than photoexcited enamel slab bonded brackets using MOA containing 7 % wt. Cur-PLGA-NPs on the days 15 and 30 (both, P > 0.05).
The 7 % wt. Cur-PLGA-NPs can serve as an orthodontic adhesive antimicrobial additive as exposure to blue laser provides an acceptable antimicrobial effect against cariogenic bacteria for a considerable time.
固定正畸治疗过程中的潜在并发症是白斑病变（WSLs）和龋齿。本研究评估了一种含有姜黄素（Cur）掺杂聚乳酸-乙醇酸纳米颗粒（Cur-PLGA-NPs）的正畸粘合剂（OA）的抗生物膜活性，该粘合剂能同时具有最高浓度的Cur-PLGA-NPs和剪切粘结强度（SBS）值，用于对抗致龋菌，即变形链球菌。
在合成并确认Cur-PLGA-NPs后，分别使用万能试验机和体视显微镜测量含有Cur-PLGA-NPs（3%、5%、7%和10%重量）的改良正畸粘合剂（MOA）的SBS和粘结剂残留指数（ARI）。人工老化（连续冲洗180天）后，通过含Cur-PLGA-NPs的MOA光激发牙釉质板粘结托槽对抗变形链球菌生物膜的抗生物膜试验，测定能同时具有最高浓度Cur-PLGA-NPs和SBS值的MOA的残余抗生物膜能力，采用结晶紫试验。
含7%重量Cur-PLGA-NPs的粘合剂同时显示出最高浓度的Cur-PLGA-NPs和SBS值（16.19±2.69MPa，P<0.05）。MOA与对照组（不含Cur-PLGA-NPs的Transbond XT）之间的ARI评分无统计学显著差异。在第15、30、60、90和120天，使用含7%重量Cur-PLGA-NPs的MOA光激发牙釉质板粘结托槽上预先形成的变形链球菌生物膜的光密度（OD）显著降低，与对照组相比分别降至94.1%、79.6%、69.6%、69.4%和55.1%（均P<0.05）。从第150天起，与对照组（OA）相比，使用含7%重量Cur-PLGA-NPs的MOA的牙釉质板粘结托槽上的微生物生物膜形成逐渐增加。尽管氯己定（2%；作为阳性对照）对使用OA的牙釉质板粘结托槽上预先形成的变形链球菌生物膜显示出显著活性（生物膜减少99.1%；P=0.001），但其活性略高于但不显著高于使用含7%重量Cur-PLGA-NPs的MOA的光激发牙釉质板粘结托槽在第15天和第30天的活性（均P>0.05）。
7%重量的Cur-PLGA-NPs可作为正畸粘合剂抗菌添加剂，因为暴露于蓝光激光下在相当长的时间内对致龋菌具有可接受的抗菌效果。
