欧洲裔美国女性和非裔美国女性队列中应激标志物、肥胖和 LDL 氧化的鉴别意义。
Physiological Significance of Discrimination on Stress Markers, Obesity, and LDL Oxidation among a European American and African American Cohort of Females.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building 552, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA.
UAB Bioanalytical Redox Biology Core, Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building 552, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, USA.
出版信息
Int J Behav Med. 2020 Apr;27(2):213-224. doi: 10.1007/s12529-020-09850-3.
BACKGROUND
Factors underlying physiological reactions from perceived discrimination and its relation to adverse health outcomes are not completely understood. The main purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that experiences of discrimination (recent and lifetime) correlate with biomarkers of stress, oxidative stress, and obesity among adult females.
METHOD
Data on 62 females who self-identify as African American (AA; n = 31) or European American (EA; n = 31) aged 21-45 years were included. Discrimination experiences (recent and lifetime) were evaluated based on a validated instrument. Stress was assessed based on hair cortisol (HC) and salivary cortisol (SC), hsC-reactive protein (hsCRP), cardiovascular markers, and LDL-cholesterol oxidation. Obesity was measured based on BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percent. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of experiences of discrimination.
RESULTS
Significant differences in experiences of discrimination were observed by race (p < 0.05) and were higher in AA females. Results for the multiple regression models assessing the contribution of discrimination indicate that hsCRP and pulse were significantly associated with recent experiences of discrimination, and SC, HC, hsCRP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse were significantly associated with lifetime experiences of discrimination when adjusted for BMI and race (p < 0.05). Finally, oxidation of LDL-cholesterol was significantly associated with salivary cortisol (p = 0.0420) when adjusted by lifetime experiences of discrimination (p = 0.0366) but not for BMI (p = 0.6252).
CONCLUSION
In this cross-sectional study, AA females experienced more discrimination compared to EA females. Levels of recent and lifetime experiences of discrimination were associated with some stress biomarkers. Salivary cortisol was associated with oxidation of LDL-cholesterol with shorter lag times and increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
背景
感知歧视所产生的生理反应及其与不良健康结果之间的关系的背后因素尚不完全清楚。本研究的主要目的是检验这样一个假设，即歧视经历（近期和终生）与成年女性的应激生物标志物、氧化应激和肥胖相关。
方法
本研究纳入了 62 名年龄在 21-45 岁之间、自我认同为非裔美国人（AA；n=31）或欧裔美国人（EA；n=31）的女性。基于一个经过验证的工具评估歧视经历（近期和终生）。应激通过毛发皮质醇（HC）和唾液皮质醇（SC）、超敏 C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）、心血管标志物和 LDL 胆固醇氧化来评估。肥胖通过 BMI、腰围和体脂百分比来衡量。进行多元线性回归分析以评估歧视经历的影响。
结果
按种族（p<0.05）观察到歧视经历存在显著差异，AA 女性的歧视经历更高。多元回归模型评估歧视对近期和终生经历的贡献，结果表明 hsCRP 和脉搏与近期歧视经历显著相关，SC、HC、hsCRP、舒张压（DBP）和脉搏与终生歧视经历显著相关，调整 BMI 和种族后（p<0.05）。最后，氧化 LDL 胆固醇与唾液皮质醇显著相关（p=0.0420），调整终生歧视经历（p=0.0366）后仍显著相关，但与 BMI 无关（p=0.6252）。
结论
在这项横断面研究中，与 EA 女性相比，AA 女性经历了更多的歧视。近期和终生歧视经历的水平与一些应激生物标志物相关。唾液皮质醇与 LDL 胆固醇的氧化相关，与较短的滞后时间和心血管疾病的风险增加相关。
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