Lizana Pablo A, Vega-Fernandez Gustavo, Lera Lydia
Laboratory of Morphological Sciences, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 9;10:2898. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02898. eCollection 2019.
The school teacher profession has been reported to be associated with an increased rate of health problems that can affect the quality of life (QoL) of teachers. However, there is little information about rural teachers.
To investigate the associations of obesity, abdominal obesity, and hypertension with the perception of QoL in rural teachers.
This cross-sectional study included a representative sample of teachers from eight rural schools in the Valparaíso Region of Chile. Obesity was evaluated by the percentages of fat mass (% FM) and abdominal obesity, and hypertension was recorded. The Short Form-36 Health Survey was administered to subjects to evaluate QoL. A logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used to associate QoL with chronic health conditions.
Eighty-five percent of teachers presented abdominal obesity, 56% presented obesity evaluated by % FM and 33% presented hypertension. Thirty percent of teachers in the ≥45-year-old age group presented all three chronic conditions simultaneously. Teachers presenting abdominal obesity in the ≤44-year-old age group had lower scores in the mental health component (MCS) ( < 0.05) of the survey than the teachers in the ≥45-year-old age group. In addition, teachers in the ≤44-year-old age group who presented obesity scored lower in the MCS than those in the same age group without obesity ( = 0.004). The occurrence simultaneous of two and three chronic health conditions increased the risk of reduced MCS significantly ( = 0.015, OR 17.0, 95% CI: 1.741-165.90 and = 0.003, OR 82.6, 95% CI: 4.58-1490.70, respectively). In addition, ages under 45 years old were associated with low score of MCS (OR 8.8, 95% CI: 1.565-49.698).
A combination of chronic conditions affects the mental health (MH) of rural teachers. Although the association does not imply causation, these findings support the notion that teachers present early MH problems. This suggests that resources must be made available to detect early mental and chronic health conditions of rural teachers.
据报道，学校教师职业与可能影响教师生活质量（QoL）的健康问题发生率增加有关。然而，关于农村教师的信息却很少。
调查肥胖、腹型肥胖和高血压与农村教师生活质量认知之间的关联。
这项横断面研究纳入了智利瓦尔帕莱索地区八所农村学校具有代表性的教师样本。通过脂肪量百分比（%FM）评估肥胖情况和腹型肥胖，并记录高血压情况。对受试者进行简短健康调查问卷（Short Form-36 Health Survey）以评估生活质量。采用经年龄和性别调整的逻辑回归分析来关联生活质量与慢性健康状况。
85%的教师存在腹型肥胖，56%的教师通过%FM评估存在肥胖，33%的教师患有高血压。45岁及以上年龄组中30%的教师同时患有这三种慢性疾病。44岁及以下年龄组中存在腹型肥胖的教师在调查的心理健康分量表（MCS）中的得分低于45岁及以上年龄组的教师（P<0.05）。此外，44岁及以下年龄组中存在肥胖的教师在MCS中的得分低于同年龄组中无肥胖的教师（P = 0.004）。同时出现两种和三种慢性健康状况会显著增加MCS降低的风险（分别为P = 0.015，OR 17.0，95%CI：l.741 - 165.90和P = 0.003，OR 82.6，95%CI：4.58 - 1490.70）。此外，45岁以下的年龄与MCS得分低相关（OR 8.ll，95%CI：l.565 - 49.698）。
多种慢性疾病共同作用会影响农村教师的心理健康（MH）。尽管这种关联并不意味着因果关系，但这些发现支持了教师存在早期心理健康问题这一观点。这表明必须提供资源以早期发现农村教师的心理和慢性健康状况。
