Grossi Giorgio, Zoia Andrea, Palagiano Paola, Leoni Nadia, Bubini-Regini Federica, Malerba Eleonora, Peli Angelo, Biagi Giacomo, Fracassi Federico
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Padova, Italy.
Open Vet J. 2019 Oct;9(3):196-204. doi: 10.4314/ovj.v9i3.3. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinopathy of middle-aged and elderly cats. Dietary treatment has been proposed as an alternative to traditional therapies.
The aim of this prospective study was to compare the efficacy of iodine-restricted food versus pharmacological therapy with methimazole in client-owned cats with hyperthyroidism.
Indoor cats with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism (consistent clinical signs and serum total thyroxine concentration greater than 50 nmol/l) were assigned to one of three groups: (A) received an iodine-restricted food as a single therapy; (B) received transdermal methimazole in pluronic lecithin organogel; and (C) received oral methimazole. In all groups, clinical parameters, biochemistry, and serum total thyroxine were evaluated at baseline and 10, 30, 60, and 90 days after treatment began.
Thirty-four cats were enrolled in the study (group A: = 14; group B: = 11; group C: = 9). No significant differences were found between groups at diagnosis for signalment, clinical and laboratory findings, including serum total thyroxine concentrations. In all the groups, serum total thyroxine concentration decreased significantly following the baseline measurement. After 90 days of treatment, serum creatinine increased significantly only in the methimazole-treated groups. Liver enzyme activities decreased significantly only in group B, while no significant decreases were detected in groups A and C at any time.
These results suggest that iodine-restricted food is effective at reducing the total thyroxine concentration in the serum of hyperthyroid cats. Moreover, the iodine-restricted food did not cause any increase in serum creatinine concentrations and failed to improve liver enzymes abnormalities. These findings could indicate a persistent hyperthyroid state in cats treated with iodine-restricted food despite normalization of serum total thyroxine concentrations.
甲状腺功能亢进是中老年猫常见的内分泌疾病。饮食疗法已被提议作为传统疗法的替代方案。
本前瞻性研究的目的是比较碘限制饮食与甲巯咪唑药物治疗对患有甲状腺功能亢进的家养猫的疗效。
将新诊断为甲状腺功能亢进（临床症状一致且血清总甲状腺素浓度大于50 nmol/l）的室内猫分为三组之一：（A）接受碘限制饮食作为单一疗法；（B）接受普朗尼克卵磷脂有机凝胶中的透皮甲巯咪唑；（C）接受口服甲巯咪唑。在所有组中，在基线以及治疗开始后10、30、60和90天评估临床参数、生化指标和血清总甲状腺素。
34只猫参与了该研究（A组：= 14；B组：= 11；C组：= 9）。在诊断时，各组在信号特征、临床和实验室检查结果（包括血清总甲状腺素浓度）方面未发现显著差异。在所有组中，基线测量后血清总甲状腺素浓度均显著下降。治疗90天后，仅在甲巯咪唑治疗组中血清肌酐显著升高。仅B组肝酶活性显著下降，而A组和C组在任何时候均未检测到显著下降。
这些结果表明，碘限制饮食可有效降低甲状腺功能亢进猫血清中的总甲状腺素浓度。此外，碘限制饮食未导致血清肌酐浓度升高，也未能改善肝酶异常。这些发现可能表明，尽管血清总甲状腺素浓度恢复正常，但接受碘限制饮食治疗的猫仍处于持续的甲状腺功能亢进状态。
