McLaws M L, Irwig L M, Mock P, Berry G, Gold J
Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1988;149(11-12):591-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120796.x.
In July 1984, the first national Australian Nosocomial Prevalence Survey collected data on 12,742 surgical patients from 265 hospitals. This sample represented 59% of public and private hospitals with 50 or more acute-care beds in Australia. The infection control officers at each hospital provided data on patients in a random sample of beds. The over-all surgical wound infection rate was 4.6%. The surgical wound infection rate was twice (5.4%) as high in public than in private (2.8%) hospitals. The infection rates were greater in larger hospitals in both the public and private sector. However, after adjusting for the other predictor factors that are noted below the infection rate did not show any particular pattern for the size of hospital. Clean surgery had a higher (4.8%) infection rate than did clean-contaminated surgery (2.9%). The infection rate for contaminated surgery was 15.0%. Men were found to have nearly twice (6.5%) the infection rate of women (3.4%). Infection rates were lowest in the 15-to-34 years' age-group and highest in those of over 55 years of age. These trends remained even after adjusting for the other risk factors for infection. The cost of surgical wound infections for all hospitals during the year of 1984 was estimated at approximately $60 million. We suggest that a concerted effort should be made to attempt to reduce the infection rate for clean surgery to 1% or less.
1984年7月，澳大利亚首次全国医院感染现患率调查收集了来自265家医院的12742名外科患者的数据。该样本占澳大利亚拥有50张及以上急症护理床位的公立和私立医院的59%。每家医院的感染控制人员提供了随机抽取床位患者的数据。总体手术伤口感染率为4.6%。公立（5.4%）医院的手术伤口感染率是私立（2.8%）医院的两倍。公立和私立部门中，规模较大的医院感染率更高。然而，在对下文提到的其他预测因素进行调整后，感染率并未呈现出与医院规模相关的特定模式。清洁手术的感染率（4.8%）高于清洁-污染手术（2.9%）。污染手术的感染率为15.0%。发现男性的感染率（6.5%）几乎是女性（3.4%）的两倍。感染率在15至34岁年龄组中最低，在55岁以上人群中最高。即使在对其他感染风险因素进行调整后，这些趋势仍然存在。1984年所有医院手术伤口感染的成本估计约为6000万美元。我们建议应齐心协力将清洁手术的感染率降至1%或更低。
