Palani Ayad, Sengupta Pallav, Agarwal Ashok, Henkel Ralf
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, Iraq.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia.
Andrologia. 2020 Apr;52(3):e13519. doi: 10.1111/and.13519. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
The declining trend of male fecundity is a major global health and social concern. Among numerous other confounding factors, variations in male fertility parameters in different regions have repeatedly been suggested to be influenced by geographic locations. The impact of overall lifestyle, behavioural patterns, ethnicity, work stress and associated factors upon health differ greatly between developed and developing countries. These factors, individually or in combination, affect male reproductive functions ensuing the discrepancies in semen qualities in connection with geographic variations. However, reports comparing semen characteristics between developed and developing countries are sparse. The present study finds its novelty in presenting a comparison in semen parameters of infertile men in the United States (n = 76) that fairly represents the population of a highly developed region and Iraq (n = 102), the representative of male populations of a developing region. Samples were collected and analysed according to WHO (WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, WHO; 2010) criteria by means of the Mann-Whitney test. The US population demonstrated lower sperm concentration, total count, and total and progressive sperm motility with a higher seminal total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as compared to the Iraqi population. This report encourages further investigations concerning the confounding factors leading to such alterations in semen qualities between these two geographic areas.
男性生育能力的下降趋势是一个重大的全球健康和社会问题。在众多其他混杂因素中，不同地区男性生育参数的差异一再被认为受到地理位置的影响。发达国家和发展中国家在整体生活方式、行为模式、种族、工作压力及相关因素对健康的影响方面存在很大差异。这些因素单独或综合起来，会影响男性生殖功能，进而导致与地理差异相关的精液质量差异。然而，比较发达国家和发展中国家精液特征的报告却很少。本研究的新颖之处在于对美国（n = 76）不育男性的精液参数进行了比较，美国相当能代表高度发达地区的人口，同时还对伊拉克（n = 102）不育男性的精液参数进行了比较，伊拉克是发展中地区男性人口的代表。样本按照世界卫生组织（《世界卫生组织人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》，世界卫生组织；2010年）的标准收集，并通过曼-惠特尼检验进行分析。与伊拉克人群相比，美国人群的精子浓度、总数以及总精子活力和渐进性精子活力较低，但精液总抗氧化能力（TAC）较高。本报告鼓励进一步调查导致这两个地理区域精液质量出现此类变化的混杂因素。
