Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Nat Commun. 2020 Jan 31;11(1):665. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14385-y.
Injury, surgery, and disease often disrupt tissues and it is the process of regeneration that aids the restoration of architecture and function. Regeneration can occur through multiple strategies including stem cell expansion, transdifferentiation, or proliferation of differentiated cells. We have identified a case of regeneration in Xenopus embryonic aggregates that restores a mucociliated epithelium from mesenchymal cells. Following disruption of embryonic tissue architecture and assembly of a compact mesenchymal aggregate, regeneration first restores an epithelium, transitioning from mesenchymal cells at the surface of the aggregate. Cells establish apico-basal polarity within 5 hours and a mucociliated epithelium within 24 hours. Regeneration coincides with nuclear translocation of the putative mechanotransducer YAP1 and a sharp increase in aggregate stiffness, and regeneration can be controlled by altering stiffness. We propose that regeneration of a mucociliated epithelium occurs in response to biophysical cues sensed by newly exposed cells on the surface of a disrupted mesenchymal tissue.
损伤、手术和疾病常常会破坏组织，而再生过程则有助于恢复组织结构和功能。再生可以通过多种策略实现，包括干细胞扩增、转分化或分化细胞的增殖。我们已经在非洲爪蟾胚胎聚集体中发现了一种从间充质细胞再生出粘纤毛上皮的情况。在胚胎组织结构被破坏并组装成一个致密的间充质聚集体后，再生首先从聚集体表面的间充质细胞恢复上皮组织。细胞在 5 小时内建立顶底极性，在 24 小时内形成粘纤毛上皮。再生与假定的机械转导蛋白 YAP1 的核转位以及聚集体硬度的急剧增加同时发生，并且可以通过改变硬度来控制再生。我们提出，粘纤毛上皮的再生是对在破坏的间充质组织表面新暴露的细胞感知到的生物物理线索的反应。
