School of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Materials Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
Cells Dev. 2022 Jun;170:203776. doi: 10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203776. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
Endogenous and exogenous forces are critical in physiology and pathology of the human body. Increasing evidence suggests that these forces, mechanics, and force-associated signaling are essential in regulating functions of living cells. Here we review advances in understanding the impact of forces and mechanics on functions and fate of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and cancer stem cells and the pathways of mechanotransduction in cells. Stem-cells based models are useful in understanding how forces influence physiology, pathology, and embryonic development, which is incompletely understood, especially for mammals. We highlight increasing efforts and emerging favorable clinical outcomes in mechanomedicine, application of mechanobiology to medicine. Major progresses in mechanobiology, the pillar of mechanomedicine and mechanohealth (application of mechanobiology to health), are pivotal in understanding the life of force and making substantial advances in medicine and health.
内源性和外源性力量在人体的生理学和病理学中至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，这些力量、力学和与力相关的信号在调节活细胞的功能方面是必不可少的。在这里，我们回顾了关于力量和力学对胚胎干细胞、成体干细胞和癌症干细胞功能和命运的影响的研究进展，以及细胞内的力学转导途径。基于干细胞的模型对于理解力量如何影响生理学、病理学和胚胎发育非常有用，而这些方面在哺乳动物中还不完全清楚。我们强调了在机械医学（将力学应用于医学）中应用机械生物学的努力和不断出现的有利临床结果。机械生物学的主要进展是机械医学和机械健康（将机械生物学应用于健康）的基础，对于理解力的生命以及在医学和健康方面取得重大进展至关重要。
