肉芽肿性小叶性乳腺炎：临床更新及病例研究。
Granulomatous lobular mastitis: Clinical update and case study.
机构信息
FRACGP, FASBP, PhD, Senior Staff Specialist, Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, NSW; Clinical Academic, School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, NSW; Clinical Associate Professor, Northern and Westmead Clinical Schools, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW.
BSc (Hons), MCom, Patient Advocate, Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, NSW.
出版信息
Aust J Gen Pract. 2020 Jan-Feb;49(1-2):44-47. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-08-19-5042.
BACKGROUND
Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GM) is a rare chronic benign inflammatory breast condition. It can present a diagnostic challenge and mimic inflammatory carcinoma. It causes significant morbidity for affected patients.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to provide a clinical update and case study for general practitioners, who are usually the first to see the patient.
DISCUSSION
GM is usually idiopathic. The condition presents with a large painful lump with erythema. There is often ulceration, abscess and sinus formation. Triple assessment is needed to confirm diagnosis. GM may last for 12 months or more before healing occurs. Options for management are conservative/supportive care, oral prednisone or methotrexate, or surgical excision. At present, there is no universally accepted management strategy for GM; therefore, treatment will depend on the symptoms, extent of disease and patient preferences. Supporting the patient in coping with the long-term nature of GM and the chronic discharging lesions is essential.
背景
肉芽肿性小叶性乳腺炎（GM）是一种罕见的慢性良性炎症性乳腺疾病。它可能具有诊断挑战性，并模拟炎性癌。它会给受影响的患者带来严重的发病。
目的
本文旨在为全科医生提供临床更新和案例研究，全科医生通常是最先见到患者的医生。
讨论
GM 通常是特发性的。该病症表现为伴有红斑的大而疼痛的肿块。常伴有溃疡、脓肿和窦道形成。需要进行三联评估以确认诊断。GM 在愈合之前可能会持续 12 个月或更长时间。GM 的治疗选择包括保守/支持性治疗、口服泼尼松或甲氨蝶呤或手术切除。目前，GM 没有普遍接受的治疗策略；因此，治疗将取决于症状、疾病程度和患者的偏好。支持患者应对 GM 的长期性质和慢性排液病变是至关重要的。
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