Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Division, The University of Texas Medical Branch, MRB 11.138, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2020 Mar;47(1):147-162. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
Fetal membranes (FMs) play a role in pregnancy maintenance and promoting parturition at term. The FMs are not just part of the placenta, structurally or functionally. Although attached to the placenta, the amnion has a separate embryologic origin, and the chorion deviates from the placenta by the first month of pregnancy. Other than immune protection, these FM functions are not those of the placenta. FM dysfunction is associated with and may cause adverse pregnancy outcomes. Ongoing research may identify biomarkers for pending preterm premature rupture of the FMs as well as therapeutic agents, to prevent it and resulting preterm birth.
胎儿膜（FM）在妊娠维持和足月分娩中起作用。FM 不仅在结构上，而且在功能上都不属于胎盘的一部分。虽然羊膜附着于胎盘，但它具有独立的胚胎起源，而绒毛膜在怀孕第一个月就与胎盘分离。除了免疫保护外，这些 FM 功能不属于胎盘的功能。FM 功能障碍与不良妊娠结局有关，并可能导致这些不良妊娠结局。正在进行的研究可能会发现预示 FM 早产破裂的生物标志物以及治疗药物，以预防其发生和由此导致的早产。
