Iskander D Robert, Kostyszak Małgorzata A, Jesus Danilo A, Majewska Małgorzata, Danielewska Monika E, Krzyżanowska-Berkowska Patrycja
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland.
Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Optom Vis Sci. 2020 Feb;97(2):62-67. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001476.
Optical coherence tomography speckle is used here in an unconventional way as the indirect source of information on tissue microstructure. The study reveals that the corneal speckle of glaucoma suspects has a similar relationship between the parameters of scattering exhibited in glaucoma patients.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of optical coherence tomography imaging of the cornea in early diagnosis of glaucoma.
Corneas of 64 subjects of three groups, including 18 primary open-angle glaucoma patients, 24 glaucoma suspects with normal levels of IOP and uncompromised visual field, and 22 age-matched controls, were imaged with spectral optical coherence tomography. A central region of interest in each optical coherence tomography image visualizing the stroma was automatically extracted, and the intensity data within that region were fit with the generalized gamma distribution. Its parameters describe the scatterer cross section and scatterer density and indirectly assess corneal microstructure. In addition, subjects underwent measurements of IOP, visual field, Heidelberg Retinal Tomography, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and biometry. Group means of all parameters were tested for equality. Within each group of subjects, correlation was evaluated between the statistical parameters of the corneal speckle.
Glaucoma suspects had statistically significantly different IOP, visual field parameters, mean retinal fiber layer thickness, and central corneal thickness from those of glaucoma patients but not from those of the control group. The parameters of the corneal speckle were not significantly different between the groups, but they showed a markedly higher and statistically significant coefficient of determination for glaucoma patients and suspects than that for the control group (0.927 and 0.707 vs. 0.336).
The results indicate that glaucoma suspects have similar relationship between the corneal scatterer cross section and scatterer density to that exhibited in the glaucoma patients but markedly different from that of healthy controls.
本文以一种非传统方式使用光学相干断层扫描散斑作为组织微观结构信息的间接来源。该研究表明，青光眼疑似患者的角膜散斑在散射参数方面与青光眼患者呈现出相似的关系。
本研究旨在评估角膜光学相干断层扫描成像在青光眼早期诊断中的潜力。
对三组共64名受试者的角膜进行光谱光学相干断层扫描成像，这三组包括18名原发性开角型青光眼患者、24名眼压正常且视野未受损的青光眼疑似患者以及22名年龄匹配的对照者。自动提取每个光学相干断层扫描图像中显示基质的中央感兴趣区域，并将该区域内的强度数据与广义伽马分布进行拟合。其参数描述了散射体横截面和散射体密度，并间接评估角膜微观结构。此外，受试者还接受了眼压、视野、海德堡视网膜断层扫描、视网膜神经纤维层厚度和生物测量。对所有参数的组均值进行相等性检验。在每组受试者中，评估角膜散斑统计参数之间的相关性。
青光眼疑似患者在眼压、视野参数、平均视网膜纤维层厚度和中央角膜厚度方面与青光眼患者相比有统计学显著差异，但与对照组相比无显著差异。角膜散斑参数在各组之间无显著差异，但与对照组相比，青光眼患者和疑似患者的决定系数明显更高且具有统计学显著性（分别为0.927、0.707和0.336）。
结果表明，青光眼疑似患者在角膜散射体横截面和散射体密度之间的关系与青光眼患者相似，但与健康对照者明显不同。
