电子烟在线信息：百度和谷歌搜索引擎相关网站的比较研究
Online Information on Electronic Cigarettes: Comparative Study of Relevant Websites From Baidu and Google Search Engines.
作者信息
Chen Ting, Gentry Sarah, Qiu Dechao, Deng Yan, Notley Caitlin, Cheng Guangwen, Song Fujian
机构信息
School of Public Health, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification & Control, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Jan 24;22(1):e14725. doi: 10.2196/14725.
BACKGROUND
Online information on electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may influence people's perception and use of e-cigarettes. Websites with information on e-cigarettes in the Chinese language have not been systematically assessed.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess and compare the types and credibility of Web-based information on e-cigarettes identified from Google (in English) and Baidu (in Chinese) search engines.
METHODS
We used the keywords vaping or e-cigarettes to conduct a search on Google and the equivalent Chinese characters for Baidu. The first 50 unique and relevant websites from each of the two search engines were included in this analysis. The main characteristics of the websites, credibility of the websites, and claims made on the included websites were systematically assessed and compared.
RESULTS
Compared with websites on Google, more websites on Baidu were owned by manufacturers or retailers (15/50, 30% vs 33/50, 66%; P<.001). None of the Baidu websites, compared to 24% (12/50) of Google websites, were provided by public or health professional institutions. The Baidu websites were more likely to contain e-cigarette advertising (P<.001) and less likely to provide information on health education (P<.001). The overall credibility of the included Baidu websites was lower than that of the Google websites (P<.001). An age restriction warning was shown on all advertising websites from Google (15/15) but only on 10 of the 33 (30%) advertising websites from Baidu (P<.001). Conflicting or unclear health and social claims were common on the included websites.
CONCLUSIONS
Although conflicting or unclear claims on e-cigarettes were common on websites from both Baidu and Google search engines, there was a lack of online information from public health authorities in China. Unbiased information and evidence-based recommendations on e-cigarettes should be provided by public health authorities to help the public make informed decisions regarding the use of e-cigarettes.
背景
关于电子烟的在线信息可能会影响人们对电子烟的认知和使用。尚未对提供中文电子烟信息的网站进行系统评估。
目的
本研究旨在评估和比较从谷歌（英文）和百度（中文）搜索引擎中识别出的电子烟网络信息的类型和可信度。
方法
我们使用关键词“vaping”或“e-cigarettes”在谷歌上进行搜索，并使用百度对应的中文字符进行搜索。从这两个搜索引擎中各自选取前50个独特且相关的网站纳入本分析。对网站的主要特征、网站的可信度以及所纳入网站上的声明进行系统评估和比较。
结果
与谷歌上的网站相比，百度上更多的网站由制造商或零售商所有（15/50，30%对33/50，66%；P<0.001）。与24%（12/50）的谷歌网站相比，百度网站中没有一个由公共或卫生专业机构提供。百度网站更有可能包含电子烟广告（P<0.001），而提供健康教育信息的可能性较小（P<0.001）。所纳入的百度网站的总体可信度低于谷歌网站（P<0.001）。谷歌上所有广告网站（15/15）都显示了年龄限制警告，但百度的33个广告网站中只有10个（30%）显示了该警告（P<0.001）。在所纳入网站上，相互矛盾或不明确的健康和社会声明很常见。
结论
尽管百度和谷歌搜索引擎的网站上关于电子烟的相互矛盾或不明确的声明很常见，但中国缺乏来自公共卫生当局的在线信息。公共卫生当局应提供关于电子烟的无偏见信息和基于证据的建议，以帮助公众就使用电子烟做出明智的决定。
Zotero 插件