Vargas Ivan, Nguyen Anna M, Muench Alexandria, Bastien Célyne H, Ellis Jason G, Perlis Michael L
Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Brain Sci. 2020 Jan 29;10(2):71. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10020071.
Nearly one-third of the population reports new onset or acute insomnia in a given year. Similarly, it is estimated that approximately 10% of the population endorses sleep initiation and maintenance problems consistent with diagnostic criteria for chronic insomnia. For decades, acute and chronic insomnia have been considered variations of the same condition or disorder, only really differentiated in terms of chronicity of symptoms (days/weeks versus months). Whether or not acute and chronic insomnia are part of the same phenomena is an important question, one that has yet to be empirically evaluated. The goal of the present theoretical review was to summarize the definitions of acute and chronic insomnia and discuss the role that hyperarousal may have in explaining how the pathophysiology of acute and chronic insomnia is likely different (i.e., what biopsychological factors precipitate and/or perpetuate acute insomnia, chronic insomnia, or both?).
近三分之一的人口报告在某一年出现新发或急性失眠。同样，据估计，约10%的人口存在符合慢性失眠诊断标准的入睡和维持睡眠问题。几十年来，急性和慢性失眠一直被视为同一病症或障碍的不同表现形式，仅在症状的慢性程度方面（数天/数周与数月）有所区别。急性和慢性失眠是否属于同一现象是一个重要问题，尚未得到实证评估。本理论综述的目的是总结急性和慢性失眠的定义，并讨论过度觉醒在解释急性和慢性失眠的病理生理学可能如何不同方面所起的作用（即哪些生物心理因素引发和/或持续导致急性失眠、慢性失眠或两者兼具？）
