IRBM S.p.A., Via Pontina Km 30,600, I-00071 Pomezia, Italy.
Institute of Genetics and Biophysics -I.G.B., Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino, 111, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 29;21(3):878. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030878.
Melanoma is the less common but the most malignant skin cancer. Since the survival rate of melanoma metastasis is about 10-15%, many different studies have been carried out in order to find a more effective treatment. Although the development of target-based therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies has improved chances for patient survival, melanoma treatment still remains a big challenge for oncologists. Here, we collect recent data about the emerging role of melanoma-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) currently available treatments, and their involvement in drug resistance. We also reviewed miRNAs as prognostic factors, because of their chemical stability and resistance to RNase activity, in melanoma progression. Moreover, despite miRNAs being considered small conserved regulators with the limitation of target specificity, we outline the dual role of melanoma-associated miRNAs, as oncogenic and/or tumor suppressive factors, compared to other tumors.
黑色素瘤是一种不太常见但恶性程度最高的皮肤癌。由于黑色素瘤转移的存活率约为 10-15%，因此进行了许多不同的研究，以寻找更有效的治疗方法。尽管基于靶点的治疗方法和免疫治疗策略的发展提高了患者的生存机会，但黑色素瘤的治疗仍然是肿瘤学家面临的一个巨大挑战。在这里，我们收集了有关黑色素瘤相关 microRNAs (miRNAs) 目前可用治疗方法的最新数据及其在耐药性中的作用。我们还回顾了 miRNAs 作为预后因素，因为它们具有化学稳定性和对核糖核酸酶活性的抗性，在黑色素瘤的进展中。此外，尽管 miRNAs 被认为是具有靶向特异性限制的小保守调节因子，但我们概述了与其他肿瘤相比，黑色素瘤相关 miRNAs 作为致癌和/或肿瘤抑制因子的双重作用。
