Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, Recreation and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Sports Biomech. 2022 Jul;21(6):748-760. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1690570. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Adding a shock pad as an underlayment to synthetic turf aims to improve attenuation of impact forces. The purpose of this research was to investigate effects of an infilled synthetic turf with three different shock pads on impact attenuation related biomechanics of lower extremity during the drop landing. Twelve active and healthy recreational male athletes performed 60 cm drop landing with a controlled landing technique on five surface conditions: a baseline surface (force platform), an infilled synthetic turf surface, turf plus foam shock pad, turf plus a low-density shock pad, and turf plus a high-density shock pad. Furthermore, a mechanical impact test was conducted (ASTM F355). Turf plus foam shock pad, turf plus low-density shock pad, and turf plus high-density shock pad all resulted in significantly lower 1st vertical peak ground reaction force (13.3%, 13.3%, and 12.7% reductions, respectively) and loading rate (20.4%, 25.4%, and 21.1% reductions, respectively) compared to baseline surface. Significantly greater trunk extension moment was found on turf plus low-density shock pad compared to turf surface (21.2%) and turf plus foam shock pad (12.0%). These results suggest that synthetic turf plus shock pad surfaces provide improved impact attenuation compared to baseline surface in the early landing phase.
在合成草皮下添加减震垫旨在提高冲击力的衰减效果。本研究旨在研究在下落着陆过程中，三种不同减震垫的填充合成草皮对下肢冲击衰减相关生物力学的影响。12 名活跃且健康的男性业余运动员采用控制着陆技术在五种表面条件下进行了 60cm 下落着陆：基准表面（力台）、填充合成草皮表面、草皮加泡沫减震垫、草皮加低密度减震垫和草皮加高密度减震垫。此外，还进行了机械冲击测试（ASTM F355）。与基准表面相比，草皮加泡沫减震垫、草皮加低密度减震垫和草皮加高密度减震垫均导致第 1 垂直峰值地面反作用力分别显著降低 13.3%、13.3%和 12.7%，加载率分别显著降低 20.4%、25.4%和 21.1%。与草皮表面（21.2%）和草皮加泡沫减震垫（12.0%）相比，草皮加低密度减震垫的躯干伸展力矩明显更大。这些结果表明，与基准表面相比，合成草皮加减震垫表面在着陆初期提供了更好的冲击衰减效果。
