Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Inj Prev. 2020 Apr;26(2):170-176. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043426. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Pedestrians are commonly involved in vehicle collisions that result in injuries and fatalities. Pedestrian distraction has become an emerging safety issue as more pedestrians use their mobile phones while walking and crossing the street.
The purpose of this research synthesis and meta-analysis is to determine the extent to which cell phone conversation, text messaging or browsing, and listening to music affect a number of common pedestrian behavioural measures.
A keyword search was developed with a subject librarian that used MeSH terms from selected databases including PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Medline and TRID. Supplemental searches were also conducted with Google Scholar and Mendeley.
Thirty-three studies met inclusion criteria and were subjected to data extraction. Statistical information (ie, ) was extracted to generate standardised mean difference effect sizes (ie, Cohen's d) and effect sizes.
Fourteen experimental studies were ultimately included in an N-weighted meta-analysis (=81 effect sizes), and eight observational studies were included in a qualitative overview. Both mobile phone conversation and text messaging increased rates of hits and close calls. Texting decreased rates of looking left and right prior to and/or during street crossing. As might be expected, text messaging was generally found to have the most detrimental effect on multiple behavioural measures.
A variety of study quality issues limit the interpretation and generalisation of the results, which are described, as are future study measurement and methods improvements.
行人在车辆碰撞事故中经常受伤甚至死亡，行人分心已成为一个新的安全问题，因为越来越多的行人在步行和过马路时使用手机。
本研究综合和荟萃分析旨在确定手机通话、短信或浏览以及听音乐在多大程度上影响一系列常见的行人行为措施。
与主题图书馆员合作开发了一个关键词搜索，使用来自选定数据库的 MeSH 术语，包括 PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、Medline 和 TRID。还在 Google Scholar 和 Mendeley 上进行了补充搜索。
33 项研究符合纳入标准，并进行了数据提取。提取统计信息（即 ）以生成标准化均数差效应大小（即 Cohen's d）和 效应大小。
最终有 14 项实验研究纳入了 N 加权荟萃分析（=81 个效应大小），8 项观察性研究纳入了定性综述。手机通话和短信都增加了碰撞和擦身而过的发生率。在过马路之前和/或期间，发短信会降低左右看的频率。正如预期的那样，短信通常被发现对多个行为措施有最不利的影响。
各种研究质量问题限制了对结果的解释和推广，这些问题在描述中得到了说明，还包括未来研究的测量和方法改进。
