Research Institute Diabetes Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany.
Diabet Med. 2020 Mar;37(3):436-447. doi: 10.1111/dme.14256.
To summarize the history, development and efficacy of diabetes self-management education on glycaemic control and mental health in adults and children or adolescents with type 1 diabetes and people with type 2 diabetes. A further aim was to review the status of implementation of diabetes self-management education into routine care and outline current gaps in implementation and research.
We searched PubMed and Google scholar for German- and English-language articles regarding diabetes self-management education, glycaemic control and mental health, and restricted this search to meta-analyses.
Diabetes education has evolved from a compliance- and knowledge-oriented approach to an empowerment- and self-management-oriented approach. Diabetes self-management education seems to have a greater impact on glycaemic outcomes than on mental health outcomes, but the latter are rarely assessed. Technological development and digitalization can provide chances and challenges for diabetes self-management education. Digital solutions show promising results and great potential for improving the efficacy of diabetes self-management education further and providing ongoing support. The implementation of diabetes self-management education into routine clinical care frequently remains a challenge.
Diabetes self-management education has been acknowledged as an essential part of diabetes therapy; however, current gaps regarding the efficacy of diabetes self-management education on mental health, and the need for education on the use of diabetes technology, are future avenues for research.
总结糖尿病自我管理教育对 1 型糖尿病成人和儿童或青少年以及 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制和心理健康的历史、发展和疗效。进一步的目的是审查糖尿病自我管理教育纳入常规护理的实施现状，并概述实施和研究中的当前差距。
我们在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 上搜索了关于糖尿病自我管理教育、血糖控制和心理健康的德语和英语文章，并将此搜索限制在荟萃分析范围内。
糖尿病教育已经从以遵从性和知识为导向的方法发展为以赋权和自我管理为导向的方法。糖尿病自我管理教育似乎对血糖控制结果的影响大于对心理健康结果的影响，但后者很少被评估。技术发展和数字化为糖尿病自我管理教育提供了机会和挑战。数字解决方案显示出有希望的结果和巨大的潜力，可以进一步提高糖尿病自我管理教育的效果，并提供持续的支持。糖尿病自我管理教育纳入常规临床护理的实施经常仍然是一个挑战。
糖尿病自我管理教育已被公认为糖尿病治疗的重要组成部分；然而，目前在糖尿病自我管理教育对心理健康的疗效方面以及对糖尿病技术使用教育的需求方面存在差距，这是未来研究的方向。
