Pediatric Allergology Unit, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Pediatric Clinic, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020 Feb;31 Suppl 24:51-53. doi: 10.1111/pai.13159.
IgE-mediated food allergy (FA) has been emerging as a public health priority, mainly in children. It represents a heavy burden for the entire society and not only for the patients and their families. There is evidence that in children with persistent FA, at least to cow's milk, hen's egg, and peanut, oral immunotherapy (OIT) may increase the reaction threshold to food allergen(s), while receiving active therapy (the so-called "desensitization"). Furthermore, OIT protects patients from the occurrence of severe reactions in the event of accidental ingestion of the culprit food during treatment. However, many gaps are still unsolved, including safety issues, identification of predictive biomarkers, and post-desensitization efficacy. This article briefly summarizes the current evidence and the main needs in OIT to stimulate the development of longitudinal, prospective, well-designed studies able to fill the current gaps soon.
IgE 介导的食物过敏（FA）已成为一个公共卫生重点，主要在儿童中。它给整个社会带来了沉重的负担，而不仅仅是患者及其家属。有证据表明，在持续性 FA 的儿童中，至少对牛奶、鸡蛋和花生，口服免疫疗法（OIT）可能会增加对食物过敏原的反应阈值，同时接受主动治疗（所谓的“脱敏”）。此外，OIT 可保护患者在治疗期间意外摄入罪魁祸首食物时发生严重反应。然而，仍有许多未解之谜，包括安全性问题、预测生物标志物的识别以及脱敏后的疗效。本文简要总结了 OIT 的当前证据和主要需求，以激发开发能够尽快填补当前空白的纵向、前瞻性、精心设计的研究。
