Morelli Eugenio, Gullà Annamaria, Rocca Roberta, Federico Cinzia, Raimondi Lavinia, Malvestiti Stefano, Agosti Valter, Rossi Marco, Costa Giosuè, Giavaresi Gianluca, Azab Kareem A, Cagnetta Antonia, Cea Michele, Tagliaferri Pierosandro, Neri Antonino, Munshi Nikhil C, Viglietto Giuseppe, Tassone Pierfrancesco, Amodio Nicola
Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jan 30;12(2):320. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020320.
Despite substantial advancements have been done in the understanding of the pathogenesis of plasma cell (PC) disorders, these malignancies remain hard-to-treat. The discovery and subsequent characterization of non-coding transcripts, which include several members with diverse length and mode of action, has unraveled novel mechanisms of gene expression regulation often malfunctioning in cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that such non-coding molecules also feature in the pathobiology of PC dyscrasias, where they are endowed with strong therapeutic and/or prognostic potential. In this review, we aim to summarize the most relevant findings on the biological and clinical features of the non-coding RNA landscape of malignant PCs, with major focus on multiple myeloma. The most relevant classes of non-coding RNAs will be examined, along with the mechanisms accounting for their dysregulation and the recent strategies used for their targeting in PC dyscrasias. It is hoped these insights may lead to clinical applications of non-coding RNA molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets/agents in the near future.
尽管在理解浆细胞（PC）疾病的发病机制方面已经取得了重大进展，但这些恶性肿瘤仍然难以治疗。非编码转录本的发现及其后续特征描述，其中包括几个长度和作用方式各异的成员，揭示了基因表达调控的新机制，而这些机制在癌症中常常出现功能失调。越来越多的证据表明，此类非编码分子在PC发育异常的病理生物学中也具有重要作用，它们具有强大的治疗和/或预后潜力。在本综述中，我们旨在总结恶性PC非编码RNA格局的生物学和临床特征的最相关发现，主要聚焦于多发性骨髓瘤。将研究最相关的非编码RNA类别，以及解释其失调的机制和近期在PC发育异常中针对它们的靶向策略。希望这些见解能在不久的将来促成非编码RNA分子作为生物标志物或治疗靶点/药物的临床应用。
