CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ann Work Expo Health. 2020 Mar 10;64(3):270-281. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa001.
Night shiftwork has been linked to various health outcomes. Knowing where and to what extent workers are exposed to this type of shiftwork can help prioritize areas for intervention and further study. This study describes recent estimates of exposure to night shiftwork in Canada for 2011, and temporal trends from 1997 to 2010.
Estimates by occupation, industry, province, and sex were calculated using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) from 1996 to 2011. Workers who reported rotating or regular night shifts were classified as exposed to shiftwork involving nights, while those reporting other types of shiftwork, outside of regular daytime and evening shifts, were classified as possibly exposed. Results, with 97.5% confidence intervals (CIs), were summarized for three exposure categories: exposed workers, possibly exposed workers, and evening shift workers. Trends in 3-year rolling averages were described.
In 2011, approximately 1.8 million Canadians (97.5% CI, 1.7-1.8 million), or 12% of the working population (97.5% CI, 11-12%), were exposed to night shiftwork; 45% were female. An additional 2.6 million were possibly exposed (97.5% CI, 2.5-2.7 million workers), and 745 000 worked evening shifts (97.5% CI, 701 000-792 000). This amounts to 17% (97.5% CI, 17-18%) and 4.9% (97.5% CI, 4.6-5.2%) of the labour force, respectively. Industries with the highest prevalence were accommodation and food services (20%; 97.5% CI, 18-22%), forestry, fishing, mining, oil, and gas (19%; 97.5% CI, 16-23%), and healthcare and social assistance (18%; 97.5% CI, 17-19%). By occupation, the highest prevalence of exposure was in occupations in protective services (37%; 97.5% CI, 32-42%), professional occupations in health (35%; 97.5% CI, 32-39%), and machine operators and assemblers in manufacturing (24%; 97.5% CI, 22-28%). The overall number of exposure workers increased by 29% from 1997 to 2010, but the overall proportion remained relatively the same (11% and 12%, respectively). The proportion of female workers exposed increased by 2%.
These estimates characterize exposure to night shiftwork in Canada. Continued collection of shiftwork data, with greater detail on scheduling, workplace and personal factors, is needed for high-quality surveillance and investigations of shiftwork and health.
夜班工作与各种健康结果有关。了解工人在何处以及在何种程度上接触这种类型的轮班工作，可以帮助确定优先干预和进一步研究的领域。本研究描述了加拿大 2011 年夜班工作的最新估计数以及 1997 年至 2010 年的时间趋势。
使用 1996 年至 2011 年劳动和收入动态调查（SLID）的数据，按职业、行业、省和性别计算估计数。报告轮班或常规夜班的工人被归类为接触涉及夜间的轮班工作，而报告其他类型的轮班工作（常规白天和晚上班次之外的轮班工作）的工人被归类为可能接触轮班工作。总结了三个暴露类别（接触工人、可能接触工人和夜班工人）的结果（置信区间为 97.5%）。描述了 3 年滚动平均值的趋势。
2011 年，约有 180 万加拿大人（97.5%CI，1.7-1.8 百万），即劳动人口的 12%（97.5%CI，11-12%），接触夜班工作；其中 45%为女性。另有 260 万人可能接触夜班工作（97.5%CI，2.5-2.7 百万工人），74.5 万人上夜班（97.5%CI，701 000-792 000）。这分别占劳动力的 17%（97.5%CI，17-18%）和 4.9%（97.5%CI，4.6-5.2%）。患病率最高的行业是住宿和食品服务业（20%；97.5%CI，18-22%）、林业、渔业、采矿、石油和天然气（19%；97.5%CI，16-23%）以及医疗保健和社会援助（18%；97.5%CI，17-19%）。按职业划分，接触率最高的职业是保护服务人员（37%；97.5%CI，32-42%）、健康专业人员（35%；97.5%CI，32-39%）和制造业的机器操作员和装配工（24%；97.5%CI，22-28%）。1997 年至 2010 年，接触夜班工作的人数增加了 29%，但总体比例保持相对稳定（分别为 11%和 12%）。女性接触夜班工作的比例增加了 2%。
这些估计数描述了加拿大夜班工作的接触情况。需要继续收集夜班工作数据，并详细说明日程安排、工作场所和个人因素，以便对夜班工作和健康进行高质量的监测和调查。
