Pollahan Achara, Thinkhamrop Jadsada, Kongwattanakul Kiattisak, Chaiyarach Sukanya, Sutthasri Nutwara, Lao-Unka Kesorn
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Nursing Department, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2019 Dec 31;11:369-375. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S232191. eCollection 2019.
To determine the rate of HIV testing in couples during pregnancy and the reasons and risk factors related to male partners refusing to be tested.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in pregnant women undergoing prenatal care after receiving information about HIV testing on their first visit. After 20 weeks of gestation, they were approached to participate in the study, which consisted of an interview and examination of their medical records. Data collection included the women's socioeconomic status, obstetric condition and serological test results together with their partner information. If relevant, the partner's reasons for refusing to undergo HIV testing.
A total of 400 pregnant women were recruited between February and August 2018, 150 (37.5%) of whose male partners underwent HIV testing. There were five couples in which one or both members were found to be positive for HIV: 1 seroconcordant couple, 1 serodiscordant couple in which the pregnant woman was positive, and 3 serodiscordant couples in which the male partners were positive. The most common reason for male partners refusing to take the test was their already having been tested once before. The women having had other sexual partners prior to their current partners was a significant risk factor for the partners refusing to be tested.
There was a low rate of couple HIV testing and a substantial portion of discordant infection among positive couples. Routine couples counseling and testing should be encouraged to reduce the vertical transmission and the number of new cases of HIV infection.
确定孕期夫妇的HIV检测率以及男性伴侣拒绝检测的原因和风险因素。
这是一项横断面研究，对象为首次就诊时接受HIV检测信息后接受产前护理的孕妇。妊娠20周后，邀请她们参与研究，研究包括访谈和查阅其病历。数据收集包括妇女的社会经济状况、产科情况和血清学检测结果以及其伴侣信息。若相关，还包括伴侣拒绝接受HIV检测的原因。
2018年2月至8月共招募了400名孕妇，其中150名（37.5%）的男性伴侣接受了HIV检测。有5对夫妇中一方或双方HIV检测呈阳性：1对血清学一致的夫妇，1对孕妇呈阳性的血清学不一致夫妇，以及3对男性伴侣呈阳性的血清学不一致夫妇。男性伴侣拒绝检测的最常见原因是他们之前已经检测过一次。在当前伴侣之前有过其他性伴侣的女性是伴侣拒绝检测的一个重要风险因素。
夫妇HIV检测率较低，阳性夫妇中存在相当一部分不一致感染情况。应鼓励进行常规的夫妇咨询和检测，以减少垂直传播和HIV感染新病例的数量。
