Department of Biotechnology, Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Nat Prod Rep. 2020 May 1;37(5):677-702. doi: 10.1039/c9np00059c. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Covering: up to 2019Nature furnishes bioactive compounds (natural products) with complex chemical structures, yet with simple, sophisticated molecular mechanisms. When natural products exhibit their activities in cells or bodies, they first have to bind or react with a target molecule in/on the cell. The cell membrane is a major target for bioactive compounds. Recently, our understanding of the molecular mechanism of interactions between natural products and membrane lipids progressed with the aid of newly-developed analytical methods. New technology reconnects old compounds with membrane lipids, while new membrane-targeting molecules are being discovered through the screening for antimicrobial potential of natural products. This review article focuses on natural products that bind to eukaryotic membrane lipids, and includes clinically important molecules and key research tools. The chemical diversity of membrane-targeting natural products and the molecular basis of lipid recognition are described. The history of how their mechanism was unveiled, and how these natural products are used in research are also mentioned.
截至 2019 年 自然界提供具有复杂化学结构的生物活性化合物（天然产物），但具有简单、复杂的分子机制。当天然产物在细胞或体内发挥其活性时，它们首先必须与细胞内/上的靶分子结合或反应。细胞膜是生物活性化合物的主要靶标。最近，借助新开发的分析方法，我们对天然产物与膜脂之间相互作用的分子机制的理解有了进展。新技术将旧化合物与膜脂重新连接起来，同时通过筛选天然产物的抗菌潜力发现新的膜靶向分子。本文综述了与真核细胞膜脂结合的天然产物，包括临床上重要的分子和关键研究工具。描述了膜靶向天然产物的化学多样性和脂质识别的分子基础。还提到了它们的作用机制是如何被揭示的，以及这些天然产物在研究中的应用。
