Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
The Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Am J Hum Biol. 2020 Sep;32(5):e23397. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23397. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Due to increasing problems with obesity and vitamin D deficiency among children, studies that tackle both problems together are needed.
Data were collected from 182 randomly selected children aged 6-13 years in primary schools in central Poland. Measures included anthropometric dimensions, body composition, questionnaires completed by participants' parents, and saliva samples. The level of 25(OH)D was assessed from the saliva samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The children were divided into two groups: pre-pubertal (girls below 10 years and boys below 11 years) and pubertal individuals (girls above 10 years and boys above 11 years).
The 25(OH)D concentrations were higher in late spring (June) among pre-pubertal children than in the autumn (November-December) among pubertal children. The level of 25(OH)D was positively correlated with body cell mass (BCM,%) among all children (pubertal: R = 0.20, P = .044; pre-pubertal: R = 0.23, P = .041) and inversely associated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among pubertal children of both sexes (R = -0.25; P = .031). The stepwise regression analysis revealed that investigation in spring (June) and breastfeeding was associated with increased muscle mass (MM, %) (beta = 0.253, P = .003 and beta = 0.225, P = .005, respectively) and total body water (TBW, %) (beta = 0.276, P = .004 and beta = 0.246, P = .011, respectively) and was associated with decreased body mass index (BMI; beta = -0.222, P = .024 and beta = -0.269, P = .009, respectively) and fat mass (%) (beta = -0.288, P = .003 and beta = -0.266, P = .005, respectively).
Season of salivary sampling and breastfeeding status were more strongly associated with body components, BMI and WHR, than 25(OH)D concentrations.
由于儿童肥胖和维生素 D 缺乏问题日益严重，因此需要同时解决这两个问题的研究。
在波兰中部的小学中，随机抽取了 182 名 6-13 岁的儿童作为研究对象。研究措施包括人体测量维度、身体成分、由参与者家长填写的调查问卷和唾液样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒从唾液样本中评估 25(OH)D 水平。根据儿童的青春期情况将其分为两组：青春期前（女孩<10 岁，男孩<11 岁）和青春期（女孩>10 岁，男孩>11 岁）。
在青春期前的儿童中，25(OH)D 浓度在春末（6 月）较高，而在青春期的儿童中，25(OH)D 浓度在秋季（11-12 月）较高。所有儿童的 25(OH)D 水平与细胞内液质量（BCM，%）呈正相关（青春期：R=0.20，P=0.044；青春期前：R=0.23，P=0.041），与青春期男女两性的腰臀比（WHR）呈负相关（R=-0.25；P=0.031）。逐步回归分析显示，春季（6 月）的调查和母乳喂养与肌肉质量（MM，%）的增加有关（β=0.253，P=0.003 和 β=0.225，P=0.005）和总体液（TBW，%）（β=0.276，P=0.004 和 β=0.246，P=0.011），并与体重指数（BMI）的降低有关（β=-0.222，P=0.024 和 β=-0.269，P=0.009）和脂肪质量（%）（β=-0.288，P=0.003 和 β=-0.266，P=0.005）。
唾液样本采集季节和母乳喂养状况与身体成分、BMI 和 WHR 的关系比 25(OH)D 浓度更密切。
