Smith P G, Leonetti J P, Kletzker G R
Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1988 Nov-Dec;97(6 Pt 1):599-604. doi: 10.1177/000348948809700605.
Cholesterol granulomas and cholesteatomas are expansile, destructive lesions of the petrous apex that occur more frequently than we previously realized. Having obscure causes, they grow silently, often reaching impressive proportions, until they encroach on adjacent cranial nerves or the otic capsule. The lesions have distinguishing histopathologies, early clinical manifestations, and neuroradiographic features that, when integrated, allow for a critical preoperative differentiation. cholesterol granulomas are treated effectively through internal marsupialization into the mastoid or middle ear cavity. Cholesteatomas, however, are managed usually by a much more aggressive and complicated exteriorization or exenteration. Selected case reports are used to emphasize salient clinical and radiographic features and perioperative management.
胆固醇肉芽肿和胆脂瘤是岩尖部的扩张性、破坏性病变，其发生率比我们之前认识到的更高。病因不明，它们悄然生长，常常长得很大，直到侵犯相邻的颅神经或听骨囊。这些病变具有独特的组织病理学、早期临床表现和神经影像学特征，综合起来有助于术前进行关键的鉴别诊断。胆固醇肉芽肿通过向乳突或中耳腔进行内袋形缝合术可得到有效治疗。然而，胆脂瘤通常需要更积极、复杂的外置或切除手术来处理。通过选取病例报告来强调显著的临床和影像学特征以及围手术期管理。
