儿童和青少年精神病住院患者被隔离的风险因素：人口统计学特征、临床严重程度、生活经历和诊断的作用。
Risk Factors for Seclusion in Children and Adolescents Inpatient Psychiatry: The Role of Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Severity, Life Experiences and Diagnoses.
机构信息
School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287-3335, USA.
Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2020 Aug;51(4):648-655. doi: 10.1007/s10578-020-00963-0.
OBJECTIVE
To understand the risk factors for seclusion in a sample of children and adolescents admitted to an inpatient psychiatry unit looking at demographic, clinical severity, life experience, and diagnostic characteristics.
METHODS
An unmatched case-control retrospective analysis of psychiatric records in a pediatric inpatient unit from December 2011 to December 2015 (N = 1986) RESULTS: Individual characteristics, including demographics, clinical severity, and clinical presentation as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) jointly predicted seclusion in adolescents, with younger age, male sex, black race, having a prior admission, and having a disruptive behavior or bipolar and related disorder diagnoses being predictive of seclusion. While demographic and clinical severity factors were predictive of seclusion in multivariate models, clinical diagnoses only added modestly to the variance explained.
CONCLUSIONS
High-risk demographic and clinical characteristics for seclusion events in children and adolescents can provide valuable information to guide interventions to prevent seclusion events during their hospitalization.
目的
了解被收入精神病住院病房的儿童和青少年中，导致隔离的风险因素。研究着眼于人口统计学、临床严重程度、生活经历和诊断特征。
方法
2011 年 12 月至 2015 年 12 月对儿科住院病房的精神科记录进行了一项非匹配病例对照回顾性分析（N=1986）。
结果
个体特征，包括人口统计学、临床严重程度和根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM-IV）的临床表现，共同预测了青少年被隔离的情况。年龄较小、男性、黑人、有入院史、有破坏性行为或双相及相关障碍诊断，这些都是被隔离的预测因素。虽然人口统计学和临床严重程度因素在多变量模型中预测了隔离，但临床诊断仅对解释的方差略有增加。
结论
儿童和青少年发生隔离事件的高危人口统计学和临床特征，可以提供有价值的信息，以指导干预措施，防止他们住院期间发生隔离事件。
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