Akerman Laila, Borsa Juliane Callegaro, Landim Ilana, Bienemann Bheatrix
Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Prédio Cardeal Leme, room 201, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Psicol Reflex Crit. 2018 Nov 26;31(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s41155-018-0113-0.
Bullying is a complex social phenomenon, which is common in peer relationships and is influenced by different individual and contextual characteristics. Despite broad knowledge on the importance of the family for children's development, many studies about bullying neglect the family's active role. In that sense, investigating caregivers' conception about bullying can be an important strategy to promote effective interventions. The objective in this study was to analyze the caregivers' conception on the phenomenon of bullying, specifically regarding its occurrence, motivations, and risks for the children's development, and verify if this conception is consistent with the findings of the international literature. The study participants were 401 caregivers (77.1% were mothers) of children in elementary education at Brazilian schools. An online questionnaire was used with closed questions and an open question on what the caregivers considered bullying. The data were analyzed based on descriptive statistics and quantitative textual analysis.
Caregivers have good knowledge on signs and forms of coping with bullying. On the other hand, they tend not to recognize their children as potential aggressors and do not mention the family's role as a risk factor for the occurrence of this type of problem.
The results allowed us to understand what Brazilian caregivers think about bullying and how they act or would act towards situations of bullying and reveals a relevant gap on this comprehension.
欺凌是一种复杂的社会现象，在同伴关系中很常见，并受到不同个体和环境特征的影响。尽管人们普遍了解家庭对儿童发展的重要性，但许多关于欺凌的研究忽视了家庭的积极作用。从这个意义上说，调查照顾者对欺凌的看法可能是促进有效干预的一项重要策略。本研究的目的是分析照顾者对欺凌现象的看法，特别是关于其发生情况、动机以及对儿童发展的风险，并验证这种看法是否与国际文献的研究结果一致。研究参与者为巴西学校中401名接受基础教育儿童的照顾者（77.1%为母亲）。使用了一份在线问卷，其中包含封闭式问题以及一个关于照顾者认为什么是欺凌的开放式问题。数据基于描述性统计和定量文本分析进行分析。
照顾者对欺凌的迹象和应对方式有一定了解。另一方面，他们往往不认为自己的孩子是潜在的欺凌者，也没有提及家庭作为这类问题发生的风险因素所起的作用。
研究结果使我们能够了解巴西照顾者对欺凌的看法，以及他们在面对欺凌情况时的行为或可能采取的行为，并揭示了在这一认知方面存在的一个相关差距。
