Teräs Tea, Rovio Suvi, Spira Adam P, Myllyntausta Saana, Pulakka Anna, Vahtera Jussi, Stenholm Sari
Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Sleep Med. 2020 Apr;68:42-49. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.08.024. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
Prior evidence suggests that sleep duration and sleep difficulties may be associated with cognitive function in old age, but little is known about the sleep-cognition association in late mid-life. Our aim was to examine the associations of accelerometer-based sleep duration as well as subjective sleep difficulties with different domains of cognitive function among aging workers.
The study population consisted of 289 participants (mean age 62.4 years, SD 1.02; 83% women) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging Study (FIREA). Sleep difficulties were measured using Jenkins Sleep Problem Scale (difficulties falling asleep, difficulties maintaining sleep, waking up too early in the morning, and nonrestorative sleep). Sleep duration was measured with wrist-worn accelerometer and self-report, and participants were divided into short (<7 h/night), mid-range (7-9 h/night) and long (≥9 h/night) sleepers. Participants underwent extensive cognitive testing covering three domains: (1) memory, (2) executive function, and (3) attention and information processing.
Greater difficulties in waking up too early in the morning were associated with poorer executive function measured with Spatial Working Memory (SWM) test (p = 0.005). Additionally, nonrestorative sleep was associated with poorer executive function measured with Trail Making Test, B-A, (p = 0.036) and borderline significantly with lower SWM (p = 0.056). Compared to mid-range sleepers, long sleepers tended to have poorer cognitive function (all memory function tests and SWM), but the associations were not statistically significant due to small number of long sleepers.
Subjective sleep difficulties may be linked to poorer executive function in a relatively healthy population of older workers in their 60 s. Thus, promoting good sleep quality may translate into better cognitive health in late mid-life.
先前的证据表明，睡眠时间和睡眠困难可能与老年人的认知功能有关，但对于中年后期的睡眠-认知关联知之甚少。我们的目的是研究基于加速度计测量的睡眠时间以及主观睡眠困难与老年在职人员不同认知功能领域之间的关联。
研究人群包括来自芬兰退休与衰老研究（FIREA）的289名参与者（平均年龄62.4岁，标准差1.02；83%为女性）。使用詹金斯睡眠问题量表测量睡眠困难（入睡困难、维持睡眠困难、清晨过早醒来和非恢复性睡眠）。通过佩戴在手腕上的加速度计和自我报告来测量睡眠时间，参与者被分为短睡眠者（<7小时/晚）、中等睡眠时间者（7-9小时/晚）和长睡眠者（≥9小时/晚）。参与者接受了涵盖三个领域的广泛认知测试：（1）记忆，（2）执行功能，以及（3）注意力和信息处理。
清晨过早醒来的困难程度越高，与通过空间工作记忆（SWM）测试测量的执行功能越差相关（p = 0.005）。此外，非恢复性睡眠与通过连线测验B-A部分测量的执行功能较差相关（p = 0.036），与较低的SWM存在边缘显著相关性（p = 0.056）。与中等睡眠时间者相比，长睡眠者往往具有较差的认知功能（所有记忆功能测试和SWM），但由于长睡眠者数量较少，这些关联在统计学上不显著。
在60多岁相对健康的老年在职人员群体中，主观睡眠困难可能与较差的执行功能有关。因此，改善睡眠质量可能会转化为中年后期更好的认知健康。
