Department of Pathology, Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Genes Dev. 2020 Mar 1;34(5-6):285-301. doi: 10.1101/gad.334730.119. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
Effective maintenance and stability of our genomes is essential for normal cell division, tissue homeostasis, and cellular and organismal fitness. The processes of chromosome replication and segregation require continual surveillance to insure fidelity. Accurate and efficient repair of DNA damage preserves genome integrity, which if lost can lead to multiple diseases, including cancer. Poly(ADP-ribose) a dynamic and reversible posttranslational modification and the enzymes that catalyze it (PARP1, PARP2, tankyrase 1, and tankyrase 2) function to maintain genome stability through diverse mechanisms. Here we review the role of these enzymes and the modification in genome repair, replication, and resolution in human cells.
有效的维护和稳定我们的基因组对于正常的细胞分裂、组织内稳态以及细胞和生物体的适应性至关重要。染色体复制和分离的过程需要持续的监控以确保保真度。准确和高效的 DNA 损伤修复可以保持基因组的完整性，如果丢失则可能导致多种疾病，包括癌症。多聚（ADP-核糖）是一种动态可逆的翻译后修饰，催化它的酶（PARP1、PARP2、Tankyrase1 和 Tankyrase2）通过多种机制发挥作用，以维持基因组的稳定性。在这里，我们回顾了这些酶和修饰在人类细胞中的基因组修复、复制和解析中的作用。
