State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2020 Feb 7;378(2):21. doi: 10.1007/s41061-020-0283-y.
DNA nanostructures hold great promise for various applications due to their remarkable properties, including programmable assembly, nanometric positional precision, and dynamic structural control. The past few decades have seen the development of various kinds of DNA nanostructures that can be employed as useful tools in fields such as chemistry, materials, biology, and medicine. Aptamers are short single-stranded nucleic acids that bind to specific targets with excellent selectivity and high affinity and play critical roles in molecular recognition. Recently, many attempts have been made to integrate aptamers with DNA nanostructures for a range of biological applications. This review starts with an introduction to the features of aptamer-functionalized DNA nanostructures. The discussion then focuses on recent progress (particularly during the last five years) in the applications of these nanostructures in areas such as biosensing, bioimaging, cancer therapy, and biophysics. Finally, challenges involved in the practical application of aptamer-functionalized DNA nanostructures are discussed, and perspectives on future directions for research into and applications of aptamer-functionalized DNA nanostructures are provided.
DNA 纳米结构由于其可编程组装、纳米级位置精度和动态结构控制等显著特性，在各个领域都有很大的应用前景。在过去的几十年中，已经开发出了各种 DNA 纳米结构，它们可以作为化学、材料、生物和医学等领域的有用工具。适体是短的单链核酸，与特定的靶标具有极好的选择性和高亲和力，并在分子识别中发挥关键作用。最近，许多人尝试将适体与 DNA 纳米结构集成，以实现一系列生物应用。这篇综述首先介绍了适体功能化 DNA 纳米结构的特点。然后，重点讨论了这些纳米结构在生物传感、生物成像、癌症治疗和生物物理学等领域的最新应用进展（特别是在过去五年中）。最后，讨论了适体功能化 DNA 纳米结构实际应用中所涉及的挑战，并对适体功能化 DNA 纳米结构的研究和应用的未来方向进行了展望。
