Fadaei Mohammad Hosein, Farokhzadian Jamileh, Miri Sakineh, Goojani Reza
Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2020 Feb 6;34(3):/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2019-0170/ijamh-2019-0170.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0170.
Nowadays, drug abuse is one of the most important health problems that can affect the quality of life of people in mental, psychological, physical, and social dimensions. Theory-based education can help the adolescents to promote their drug abuse preventive behaviors.
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on drug abuse preventive behaviors in adolescent students.
This study was an interventional quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted in two high schools in the southeast of Iran. A two-step cluster sampling method was used and 120 students were randomly selected and categorized into the control (n = 60) and intervention (n = 60) groups. The intervention group participated in an education program based on the HBM in four 75-min sessions. Data were collected using demographic and drug abuse preventive behavior questionnaires based on the HBM.
In the pre-test stage, the mean scores of drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (t = -2.597 p = 0.641). In the post-test stage, the mean scores of the intervention and control groups were significantly different; the drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions improved in the intervention group (t = 14.57, p < 0.001).
The findings showed that education based on the HBM had a significant effect on drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions. Therefore, educational packages based on the HBM are recommended to improve these behaviors in adolescents.
如今，药物滥用是最重要的健康问题之一，会在心理、精神、身体和社会层面影响人们的生活质量。基于理论的教育有助于青少年促进其预防药物滥用的行为。
本研究旨在确定基于健康信念模型（HBM）的教育对青少年学生预防药物滥用行为的有效性。
本研究是一项采用前测/后测设计的干预性准实验研究，在伊朗东南部的两所高中进行。采用两步整群抽样方法，随机选取120名学生，分为对照组（n = 60）和干预组（n = 60）。干预组参加了基于健康信念模型的教育项目，共四节75分钟的课程。使用基于健康信念模型的人口统计学和预防药物滥用行为问卷收集数据。
在前测阶段，干预组和对照组在预防药物滥用行为及其维度的平均得分上无显著差异（t = -2.597，p = 0.641）。在后测阶段，干预组和对照组的平均得分有显著差异；干预组的预防药物滥用行为及其维度有所改善（t = 14.57，p < 0.001）。
研究结果表明，基于健康信念模型的教育对预防药物滥用行为及其维度有显著影响。因此，建议采用基于健康信念模型的教育包来改善青少年的这些行为。
