Department of Applied Physics, School of Technology, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain.
Department of Applied Physics, School of Technology, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain.
Environ Res. 2020 Apr;183:109188. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109188. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
The main objective of this work was to evaluate human exposure to electromagnetic fields in a city of about one hundred thousand inhabitants, both inside and outside dwellings, using exposure quotients. To this end, a personal exposure meter was used, collecting data in different frequency bands, including radio and television broadcasting, mobile telephony, cordless telephones, and wireless communication networks. The indoor measurements were made with the exposure meter in a static position. Those outdoor were made by walking around the building with the exposure meter held by the operator. The median electric field was 0.200 V/m outdoors and 0.102 V/m indoors. The median of the ICNIRP exposure quotients for multiple-frequency sources was 25 10 outside and 16 10 inside. The proximity of the operator's body caused the readings of the electric field in the FM band to be overestimated by a factor of 1.35, and in the mobile telephony bands by factors from 0.76 to 1.02. The standard deviation of the measurements repeated inside a dwelling over five days was of the order of the exposure meter's standard uncertainty of calibration, but the spatial dispersion at the scale of a dwelling and of the city was much greater. The two main contributors to the exposure were FM radio followed by the "downlink" mobile telephony bands. Inside the dwellings, the DECT and WIFI bands contributed less. Exposure quotients are dimensionless parameters that characterize exposure, and reflect the relative weight of each service to that exposure.
这项工作的主要目的是使用暴露商来评估大约有十万居民的城市中居民在居住内外环境中接触电磁场的情况。为此，使用个人暴露计在不同的频段中收集数据，包括广播和电视、移动电话、无绳电话和无线通信网络。室内测量是在暴露计处于静止位置时进行的。那些户外测量是通过操作人员手持暴露计在建筑物周围走动来进行的。室外的平均电场为 0.200 V/m，室内的平均电场为 0.102 V/m。多频源的 ICNIRP 暴露商的中位数为 25 10 室外和 16 10 室内。操作人员身体的接近导致 FM 频段的电场读数被高估了 1.35 倍，而在移动电话频段的读数则被高估了 0.76 至 1.02 倍。在五天内重复在一个住宅内进行的测量的标准偏差与暴露计校准的标准不确定度相当，但在住宅和城市的尺度上的空间分散度要大得多。暴露的两个主要贡献者是 FM 广播，其次是“下行链路”移动电话频段。在住宅内，DECT 和 WIFI 频段的贡献较小。暴露商是无量纲参数，用于描述暴露情况，并反映每个服务相对于暴露的相对权重。
