Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/iMinds, Gaston Crommenlaan 8, Box 201, B-9050 Ghent, Belgium.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2013 Nov;113(2):254-63. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.07.002. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
Personal radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure, or exposimetry, is gaining importance in the bioelectromagnetics community but only limited data on personal exposure is available in indoor areas, namely schools, crèches, homes, and offices. Most studies are focused on adult exposure, whereas indoor microenvironments, where children are exposed, are usually not considered. A method to assess spatial and temporal indoor exposure of children and adults is proposed without involving the subjects themselves. Moreover, maximal possible daily exposure is estimated by combining instantaneous spatial and temporal exposure. In Belgium and Greece, the exposure is measured at 153 positions spread over 55 indoor microenvironments with spectral equipment. In addition, personal exposimeters (measuring EMFs of people during their daily activities) captured the temporal exposure variations during several days up to one week at 98 positions. The data were analyzed using the robust regression on order statistics (ROS) method to account for data below the detection limit. All instantaneous and maximal exposures satisfied international exposure limits and were of the same order of magnitude in Greece and Belgium. Mobile telecommunications and radio broadcasting (FM) were most present. In Belgium, digital cordless phone (DECT) exposure was present for at least 75% in the indoor microenvironments except for schools. Temporal variations of the exposure were mainly due to variations of mobile telecommunication signals. The exposure was higher during daytime than at night due to the increased voice and data traffic on the networks. Total exposure varied the most in Belgian crèches (39.3%) and Greek homes (58.2%).
个人射频电磁场（RF-EMF）暴露或暴露测量在生物电磁学领域变得越来越重要，但室内环境（如学校、托儿所、家庭和办公室）的个人暴露数据有限。大多数研究都集中在成年人的暴露上，而儿童所处的室内微环境通常没有被考虑到。本文提出了一种评估儿童和成人室内时空暴露的方法，无需涉及研究对象本身。此外，通过结合瞬时时空暴露来估计最大可能的日暴露量。在比利时和希腊，使用光谱设备在 55 个室内微环境中的 153 个位置测量暴露量。此外，个人暴露计（在人们日常活动期间测量人的电磁场）在 98 个位置上连续几天至一周的时间内捕获了时间暴露变化。使用稳健回归有序统计（ROS）方法分析数据，以考虑低于检测限的数据。所有瞬时和最大暴露都满足国际暴露限值，且在比利时和希腊的量级相同。移动电信和无线电广播（FM）是最常见的。在比利时，除学校外，室内微环境中至少有 75%存在数字无绳电话（DECT）暴露。暴露的时间变化主要是由于移动通信信号的变化。由于网络上语音和数据流量的增加，暴露在白天比夜间更高。比利时托儿所（39.3%）和希腊家庭（58.2%）的总暴露变化最大。
