Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
Lab Protein Chemistry, Proteomics & Epigenetic Signalling (PPES), Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Biomolecules. 2020 Feb 4;10(2):228. doi: 10.3390/biom10020228.
The essential oils of the fresh rhizomes; flowers; and leaves of Craib were investigated using different extraction techniques; including solid-phase microextraction (SPME), hydrodistillation (HD), and organic solvent (OS), and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 37 SPME; 19 HD; and 36 OS compounds were identified from the rhizome extract of with the major components being α-pinene; β-pinene; and terpinen-4-ol; respectively. From the flower extract; 16 SPME; 2 HD; and 10 OS compounds were identified; ()-caryophyllene was found as a major compound by these techniques. The leaf extract exhibited 20 SPME; 13 HD; and 14 OS compounds; with α-pinene; ()-caryophyllene; and -hexadecanoic acid being the major compounds; respectively. The rhizome extract showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 71.60% and a total phenolic content of 22.4 mg gallic acid/g. The IC values of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays were 25.2 µg/mL and 153.6 µg/mL; respectively; and the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay value was 318.5 µM ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g extract. The rhizome extract showed weak antibacterial activity. This extract showed no adverse toxicity in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines at concentrations below 200 µg/mL.
采用固相微萃取（SPME）、水蒸馏（HD）和有机溶剂（OS）等不同提取技术对新鲜块茎、花和叶的精油进行了研究，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）进行了表征。从块茎提取物中鉴定出 37 种 SPME、19 种 HD 和 36 种 OS 化合物，主要成分为α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯和萜品-4-醇。从花提取物中鉴定出 16 种 SPME、2 种 HD 和 10 种 OS 化合物，这些技术发现（）-石竹烯为主要化合物。叶提取物表现出 20 种 SPME、13 种 HD 和 14 种 OS 化合物，主要成分为α-蒎烯、（）-石竹烯和 -十六烷酸。块茎提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性为 71.60%，总酚含量为 22.4mg 没食子酸/g。2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和 2,2'-联氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）测定的 IC 值分别为 25.2µg/mL 和 153.6µg/mL，铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）测定值为 318.5µM 抗坏血酸当量（AAE）/g 提取物。块茎提取物表现出较弱的抗菌活性。在浓度低于 200µg/mL 时，该提取物在人角质形成细胞（HaCaT）细胞系中无不良毒性。
