Zheng Ningbo, Lu Yong
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020 Oct 2;16(10):2333-2340. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1710413. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Interleukin (IL)-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine, which can function as a positive or negative regulator of immune responses on multiple types of cells. The role of IL-9 was originally known in allergic disease and parasite infections. Interestingly, recent studies demonstrate its presence in the tumor tissues of mice and humans, and the association between IL-9 and tumor progression has been revisited following the discovery of T helper (Th) 9 cells. Tumor-specific Th9 cells are considered to be the main subset of CD4 T cells that produce high level of IL-9 and exhibit an IL-9-dependent robust anti-cancer function in solid tumors. IL-9 exerts an unprecedented anti-tumor immunity not only by inducing innate and adaptive immune responses but also directly promoting apoptosis of tumor cells. The objective of this review is to summarize the latest advances regarding the anti-tumor mechanisms of IL-9 and Th9 cells.
白细胞介素（IL）-9是一种多效性细胞因子，可作为多种类型细胞免疫反应的正性或负性调节因子。IL-9最初在过敏性疾病和寄生虫感染中为人所知。有趣的是，最近的研究表明它存在于小鼠和人类的肿瘤组织中，并且在发现辅助性T（Th）9细胞后，人们重新审视了IL-9与肿瘤进展之间的关联。肿瘤特异性Th9细胞被认为是CD4 T细胞的主要亚群，可产生高水平的IL-9，并在实体瘤中表现出依赖IL-9的强大抗癌功能。IL-9不仅通过诱导先天性和适应性免疫反应，还通过直接促进肿瘤细胞凋亡发挥前所未有的抗肿瘤免疫作用。本综述的目的是总结关于IL-9和Th9细胞抗肿瘤机制的最新进展。
