Marcoccia Antonella, Klein-Weigel Peter F, Gschwandtner Michael E, Wautrecht Jean Claude, Matuska Jiri, Rother Ulrich, Houben Alfons J H M
Unità di Medicina Vascolare e Autoimmunità, CRIIS-Centro di riferimento interdisciplinare per la Sclerosi Sistemica, Rome, Italy.
Klinik für Angiologie, Zentrum für Innere Medizin II, Ernst von Bergmann Klinikum, Potsdam, Germany.
Vasa. 2020 Apr;49(3):175-186. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000851. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
The term "microcirculation" refers to the terminal vascular network of the body, which includes arterioles, capillaries, venules as well as initial lymphatic vessels. Additionally, it insinuates to their unique function in thermoregulation, fluid balance, maintenance of cellular exchange, and metabolism. Disturbances of microvascular function were identified to precede macrovascular involvement in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and is the hallmark of terminal disease stages like critical limb or acral ischemia. Nevertheless, despite its obvious significance in vascular medicine assessment of microvascular function became increasingly neglected in the clinical institutions during the last decades and seems to play a subordinary role in medical education. We therefore provide an overview over relevant and clinically practicable methods to assess microcirculation in vascular medicine with critical estimations of their pros and cons and their perspectives in the future.
“微循环”一词指的是身体的末梢血管网络，包括小动脉、毛细血管、小静脉以及初始淋巴管。此外，它还暗示了它们在体温调节、液体平衡、维持细胞交换和新陈代谢方面的独特功能。在存在心血管危险因素的情况下，微血管功能障碍被认为先于大血管受累，并且是诸如严重肢体或肢端缺血等终末期疾病阶段的标志。然而，尽管微循环在血管医学中具有明显的重要性，但在过去几十年中，临床机构对微血管功能的评估却越来越被忽视，并且在医学教育中似乎也发挥着次要作用。因此，我们提供了一份关于血管医学中评估微循环的相关且临床可行方法的概述，并对其优缺点及其未来前景进行了批判性评估。
