Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020 Mar 1;25(2):e291-e298. doi: 10.4317/medoral.23353.
This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of allogeneic bone blocks for ridge augmentation by assessing block survival rates and subsequent implant survival, including post-surgical complications and histomorphometric analysis.
An electronic and manual search among references, was conducted up to April 2019 by two independent authors. Inclusion criteria were: human clinical trials in which the outcomes of allogeneic bone block grafts were evaluated by means of their survival rates and subsequent implant success rates.
Seven articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. A total of 323 allogeneic block grafts were monitored for a minimum of 12 months follow-up after surgery, of which thirteen (4.02%) failed. Regarding the cumulative implant survival rate, the weighted mean was 97.36%, computed from 501 implants. Histologic and histomorphometric analysis showed that allogeneic block grafts presented some clinical and microstructural differences in comparison with autologous block grafts.
Atrophic alveolar crest reconstruction with allogeneic bone block grafts would appear a feasible alternative to autologous bone block grafts, obtaining a low block graft failure rate, similar implant survival rate and fewer postoperative complications. Further investigations generating long term data are needed to confirm these findings.
本系统文献回顾旨在通过评估移植物存活率和随后的种植体存活率，包括术后并发症和组织形态计量分析，来评估同种异体骨块在牙槽嵴增高中的疗效。
两名独立作者于 2019 年 4 月前进行了电子和手动检索。纳入标准为：通过存活率和随后的种植体成功率评估同种异体骨块移植物结果的人类临床试验。
有 7 篇文章符合纳入标准并进行了分析。共有 323 个同种异体骨块在手术后至少 12 个月的随访中进行了监测，其中 13 个（4.02%）失败。关于累积种植体存活率，根据 501 个种植体计算的加权平均值为 97.36%。组织学和组织形态计量分析表明，与自体骨块移植物相比，同种异体骨块在临床和微观结构上存在一些差异。
同种异体骨块用于牙槽嵴萎缩性重建似乎是自体骨块移植物的一种可行替代方法，其移植物失败率较低、种植体存活率相似且术后并发症较少。需要进一步的长期数据研究来证实这些发现。
