Ding Ning, Zhou Fengjin, Li Guangfeng, Shen Hao, Bai Long, Su Jiacan
Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2024 Aug 3;28:101167. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101167. eCollection 2024 Oct.
In confronting the global prevalence of bone-related disorders, bone tissue engineering (BTE) has developed into a critical discipline, seeking innovative materials to revolutionize treatment paradigms. Quantum dots (QDs), nanoscale semiconductor particles with tunable optical properties, are at the cutting edge of improving bone regeneration. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted roles that QDs play within the realm of BTE, emphasizing their potential to not only revolutionize imaging but also to osteogenesis, drug delivery, antimicrobial strategies and phototherapy. The customizable nature of QDs, attributed to their size-dependent optical and electronic properties, has been leveraged to develop precise imaging modalities, enabling the visualization of bone growth and scaffold integration at an unprecedented resolution. Their nanoscopic scale facilitates targeted drug delivery systems, ensuring the localized release of therapeutics. QDs also possess the potential to combat infections at bone defect sites, preventing and improving bacterial infections. Additionally, they can be used in phototherapy to stimulate important bone repair processes and work well with the immune system to improve the overall healing environment. In combination with current trendy artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the development of bone organoids can also be combined with QDs. While QDs demonstrate considerable promise in BTE, the transition from laboratory research to clinical application is fraught with challenges. Concerns regarding the biocompatibility, long-term stability of QDs within the biological environment, and the cost-effectiveness of their production pose significant hurdles to their clinical adoption. This review summarizes the potential of QDs in BTE and highlights the challenges that lie ahead. By overcoming these obstacles, more effective, efficient, and personalized bone regeneration strategies will emerge, offering new hope for patients suffering from debilitating bone diseases.
面对全球普遍存在的骨相关疾病，骨组织工程（BTE）已发展成为一门关键学科，致力于寻找创新材料以彻底改变治疗模式。量子点（QDs）是具有可调光学特性的纳米级半导体颗粒，处于改善骨再生的前沿。这篇全面综述深入探讨了量子点在骨组织工程领域所发挥的多方面作用，强调其不仅有潜力彻底改变成像技术，还能促进骨生成、药物递送、抗菌策略和光疗。量子点因其尺寸依赖的光学和电子特性而具有可定制性，已被用于开发精确的成像模式，以前所未有的分辨率实现骨生长和支架整合的可视化。其纳米尺度有利于靶向药物递送系统，确保治疗药物的局部释放。量子点还具有对抗骨缺损部位感染、预防和改善细菌感染的潜力。此外，它们可用于光疗以刺激重要的骨修复过程，并与免疫系统协同作用以改善整体愈合环境。结合当前流行的人工智能（AI）技术，骨类器官的发展也可与量子点相结合。虽然量子点在骨组织工程中显示出巨大潜力，但从实验室研究到临床应用的转变充满挑战。对量子点在生物环境中的生物相容性、长期稳定性以及其生产成本效益的担忧，对其临床应用构成了重大障碍。本综述总结了量子点在骨组织工程中的潜力，并突出了未来面临的挑战。通过克服这些障碍，将出现更有效、高效和个性化的骨再生策略，为患有衰弱性骨病的患者带来新希望。
