Department of Philosophy and Cognitive Sciences Program, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci. 2020 Jul;11(4):e1525. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1525. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
It is uncontroversial to claim that cognitive science studies many complex phenomena. What is less acknowledged are the contradictions among many traditional commitments of its investigative approaches and the nature of cognitive systems. Consider, for example, methodological tensions that arise due to the fact that like most natural systems, cognitive systems are nonlinear; and yet, traditionally cognitive science has relied on linear statistical data analyses. Cognitive science as complexity science is offered as an interdisciplinary framework for the investigation of cognition that can dissolve such contradictions and tensions. Here, cognition is treated as exhibiting the following four key features: emergence, nonlinearity, self-organization, and universality. This framework integrates concepts, methods, and theories from such disciplines as systems theory, nonlinear dynamical systems theory, and synergetics. By adopting this approach, the cognitive sciences benefit from a common set of practices to investigate, explain, and understand cognition in its varied and complex forms. This article is categorized under: Computer Science > Neural Networks Psychology > Theory and Methods Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science Neuroscience > Cognition.
声称认知科学研究许多复杂现象是无可争议的。然而，人们对其研究方法的许多传统承诺与认知系统的本质之间的矛盾认识不足。例如，由于认知系统与大多数自然系统一样是非线性的，因此会出现方法上的紧张关系；然而，传统上认知科学一直依赖于线性统计数据分析。作为复杂性科学的认知科学，为研究认知提供了一个跨学科的框架，可以化解这些矛盾和紧张关系。在这里，认知被认为具有以下四个关键特征：涌现、非线性、自组织和普遍性。该框架整合了系统理论、非线性动力系统理论和协同理论等学科的概念、方法和理论。通过采用这种方法，认知科学从一套共同的实践中受益，以研究、解释和理解其各种复杂形式的认知。本文属于以下分类： 计算机科学 > 神经网络 心理学 > 理论与方法 哲学 > 认知科学基础 神经科学 > 认知。
