School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
College of Education, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan.
Am J Prev Med. 2020 May;58(5):707-714. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.12.005. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Transgender and gender diverse individuals experience a variety of barriers to accessing culturally responsive care across different types of health services. This study develops and validates a scale to assess for trans-inclusive healthcare practices, which may be used in a variety of ways.
The authors and community partners developed 34 initial practices indicating provider inclusivity of transgender and gender diverse patients. Data were collected in 2018, using an online survey of transgender and gender diverse adults in Michigan (n=626), analyzed in 2019.
An exploratory factor analysis was conducted. The following 6 components were retained with 27 items: trans-inclusive messaging, name/pronoun usage, outreach, gender-affirming practice, referral comfort, and inclusive intake forms. Full sample analysis showed Cronbach's α to be 0.91. The sample was split in half to run 2 sets of cases in a principal components analysis, Sample A (n=323) and Sample B (n=303). Percentage of variance explained and Cronbach's α were consistent across samples, giving evidence to reliability and validity.
Findings suggest that the Trans-Inclusive Provider Scale may be useful in identifying providers' behaviors regarding inclusivity of transgender and gender diverse patients and provide growth opportunities at both individual and practice levels. It could also guide improvements after trainings or be used as a micro-intervention, allowing providers to assess behaviors and identify opportunities to improve.
跨性别者和性别多样化者在获得不同类型医疗服务的文化响应性护理方面面临各种障碍。本研究开发并验证了一个评估跨性别包容医疗实践的量表，该量表可用于多种方式。
作者和社区合作伙伴制定了 34 项初始实践，以表示医疗服务提供者对跨性别和性别多样化患者的包容。2018 年使用密歇根州跨性别和性别多样化成年人的在线调查收集了数据（n=626），并于 2019 年进行了分析。
进行了探索性因素分析。保留了以下 6 个组成部分和 27 个项目：跨性别包容信息、姓名/代词使用、外展、性别肯定实践、转诊舒适度和包容的入组表格。全样本分析显示克朗巴赫的 α 为 0.91。将样本分为两半，在主成分分析中运行两组案例，样本 A（n=323）和样本 B（n=303）。样本之间解释方差的百分比和克朗巴赫的 α 一致，这表明该量表具有可靠性和有效性。
研究结果表明，跨性别包容提供者量表可能有助于识别提供者在包容跨性别和性别多样化患者方面的行为，并为个人和实践层面提供成长机会。它还可以指导培训后的改进，或用作微观干预措施，使提供者能够评估行为并确定改进的机会。
