Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
Chemosphere. 2020 Jun;249:126118. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126118. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
The enormous tourism boom raises concern about possible negative environmental impacts worldwide. One of the risks posed by tourism may be heavy metal pollution. On the example of the volcanic island of Santorini, a popular tourist destination, pollution of soils categorized according to the tourism load was monitored. Significant anthropogenic contamination by heavy metals, especially Cu, Cr and Pb, was found out. This contamination may constitute a moderate ecological risk to the island ecosystems. Tourism has been shown to be a significant pollution factor as evidenced by the contaminated soils near the airport. Simultaneously, airport traffic has been proved to be an important emitter of Co, Cr and especially Zn. The comparison with other volcanic islands has shown that on Santorini the content of heavy metals in soils is significantly lower, despite frequently higher tourism intensity. On this basis, it can be concluded that in case of volcanic islands the dominant factor determining the content of heavy metals in the soil is the parent rock. Given high and ever-increasing intensity of tourism on the island, it can be assumed that soil contamination will continue to rise rapidly. Therefore, without proper steps reducing tourism, increase in soil degradation, growing negative impacts on local ecosystems as well as on the quality of produced wine can be expected on Santorini.
旅游业的蓬勃发展引发了人们对全球可能产生的负面环境影响的担忧。旅游业带来的风险之一可能是重金属污染。以热门旅游胜地圣托里尼火山岛为例，监测了根据旅游负荷分类的土壤污染情况。结果发现，重金属（尤其是铜、铬和铅）存在明显的人为污染。这种污染可能对岛屿生态系统构成中度生态风险。事实证明，旅游业是一个重要的污染因素，机场附近受污染的土壤就是明证。同时，机场交通已被证明是 Co、Cr 和特别是 Zn 的重要排放源。与其他火山岛的比较表明，尽管圣托里尼的旅游业强度经常较高，但土壤中重金属的含量明显较低。在此基础上可以得出结论，在火山岛的情况下，决定土壤中重金属含量的主要因素是母岩。考虑到岛上旅游业的强度高且不断增加，可以假设土壤污染将继续迅速加剧。因此，如果不采取适当措施减少旅游业，预计圣托里尼的土壤退化、对当地生态系统以及所产葡萄酒质量的负面影响将会不断增加。
