College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 27;17(7):e0267829. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267829. eCollection 2022.
Human activities can significantly impact the natural ecosystem. As an important part of terrestrial ecosystems, soil participates in energy and material cycle. With the continuous intensification of human activities, soil undergoes increasingly serious disturbance. Under the influence of global change and human activities, the variability of heavy metals in soil is worthy of further discussion. Taking Lujiaowan and Juhuatai Scenic Spot on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain as the research area, this study investigated the concentrations of Pb, As, Zn, Cu and Mn in the soil and analyzed their distribution and pollution levels. Meanwhile, the main sources of soil heavy metals were explored using autocorrelation analysis and principal component analysis. Results showed that the order of the average concentration of heavy metals in the study area was as follows: Mn> Zn> Cu> Pb> As. None of them exceeded the national soil environmental quality level II standard, and the average concentrations of Zn, Cu, and As exceeded the background value of Xinjiang soil, reaching a light pollution level. In addition, the distribution of heavy metals in soil displayed a regular trend, and a positive correlation was found between disturbance intensity and heavy metal concentration. The geoaccumulation index also showed that the five heavy metals in the study area had lower pollution degree compared with the background value in Xinjiang. The order of potential ecological risk was As > Cu > Pb > Zn > Mn.
人类活动会对自然生态系统产生显著影响。土壤作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分，参与着能量和物质的循环。随着人类活动的不断加剧，土壤受到了越来越严重的干扰。在全球变化和人类活动的影响下，土壤重金属的变异性值得进一步探讨。本研究以天山北坡陆家湾和菊花台景区为研究区，调查了土壤中 Pb、As、Zn、Cu 和 Mn 的浓度，并分析了它们的分布和污染水平。同时，利用自相关分析和主成分分析探讨了土壤重金属的主要来源。结果表明，研究区重金属的平均浓度顺序为：Mn＞Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞As。它们均未超过国家土壤环境质量 II 级标准，且 Zn、Cu 和 As 的平均浓度超过了新疆土壤背景值，达到轻度污染水平。此外，土壤重金属的分布呈现出一定的规律，且干扰强度与重金属浓度呈正相关。地积累指数也表明，研究区的 5 种重金属与新疆背景值相比污染程度较低。潜在生态风险的顺序为 As＞Cu＞Pb＞Zn＞Mn。
