Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Clinical Research Division, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA.
Neuropsychobiology. 2020;79(3):214-221. doi: 10.1159/000505782. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Neuroglial functions may be deteriorated in major depressive disorder (MDD).
To evaluate the markers of glial and neuronal cell turnover and to explore their associations with brain metabolites.
In 10 participants with MDD and 10 healthy controls (HC) we investigated neuronal and glial plasma markers (the neuron-specific enolase, NSE; and S100beta, S100B) and brain metabolites (N-acetyl aspartate, NAA; total choline, Cho; and total creatine, Cr). Blood was collected for NSE and S100B. NAA, Cho, and Cr metabolite levels were measured in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 3T.
NSE and S100B levels were significantly higher in MDD subjects than in HC. The Cr level was significantly higher in MDD subjects than in HC, but the NAA and Cho levels did not differ between groups. NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios were significantly lower in patients with MDD versus HC. S100B was negatively correlated with the Cho levels.
These results provide supporting evidence of neuronal and glial distress in MDD. Neuronal viability appears decreased, whereas glial regenerative activity and energy metabolism in the ACC increase in acute major depressive episode. Since low concentrations of S100B have neuroplastic effects, these changes may indicate a possible compensatory mechanism.
神经胶质功能可能在重度抑郁症（MDD）中受损。
评估神经胶质和神经元细胞更新的标志物，并探索它们与脑代谢物的关联。
我们在 10 名 MDD 患者和 10 名健康对照者（HC）中研究了神经元和神经胶质的血浆标志物（神经元特异性烯醇化酶，NSE；和 S100beta，S100B）和脑代谢物（N-乙酰天冬氨酸，NAA；总胆碱，Cho；和总肌酸，Cr）。采集血液用于检测 NSE 和 S100B。使用质子磁共振波谱（1H-MRS）在 3T 下测量前扣带回皮层（ACC）中的 NAA、Cho 和 Cr 代谢物水平。
MDD 患者的 NSE 和 S100B 水平明显高于 HC。MDD 患者的 Cr 水平明显高于 HC，但 NAA 和 Cho 水平在两组之间没有差异。MDD 患者的 NAA/Cr 和 Cho/Cr 比值明显低于 HC。S100B 与 Cho 水平呈负相关。
这些结果为 MDD 中的神经元和神经胶质受损提供了支持证据。神经元活力似乎降低，而急性重度抑郁症发作时 ACC 中的神经胶质再生活性和能量代谢增加。由于 S100B 的浓度较低具有神经可塑性作用，这些变化可能表明存在一种可能的补偿机制。
