Depatment of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
Depatment of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 1;715:137029. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137029. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Analyzing and understanding the driving factors behind CO emissions is noticeable due to increasing the awareness about CO emissions, and it is a highlight in Iran's agriculture sector because of the increasing amount of CO emissions, inefficient government policies, and rising fossil energy consumption in last decade. By considering the regional differences to investigate this aim, the Theil index and Kaya factor used to analysis the provincial inequality in CO emissions, energy consumption, and identify the driving factor. Using the Theil approach helps us to find out the inequality trend in CO emissions and energy consumption and also inequality across different provinces. In that way, the Kaya identity applied to analyze the factor behind the inequality in CO emissions. The empirical result shows some points, primary, according to the criteria and weights in the grouping methodologies, the GDP, due to the lower level of contribution in within-group inequality, is better than the population. Further, by assessing the inequality in the consumption of different forms of energy and COemissions across the provinces, most of the inequality was related to within-group, and the Theil trends are decreasing in gas and electricity; this trend is unclear and fluctuated in petroleum products and increase in CO emissions. Secondly, the first and second phases of subsidizing targeting have reduced the consumption and inequality of petroleum products and COemissions in the short term. Still, the inequality in CO emissions continues to increase recently. Thirdly, the national inequality in COemission mainly attributed to energy factors across provinces, and an increase in the energy inequalities helps to explain the CO inequality increase.
由于提高了对 CO 排放的认识，分析和理解 CO 排放的驱动因素变得引人注目，而由于 CO 排放量不断增加、政府政策效率低下以及过去十年化石能源消耗增加，这在伊朗农业部门是一个重点。为了达到这个目的，考虑到区域差异，使用泰尔指数和 Kaya 因子来分析 CO 排放、能源消费的省级不平等，并确定驱动因素。使用泰尔方法有助于我们发现 CO 排放和能源消费不平等的趋势，以及不同省份之间的不平等。通过这种方式，应用 Kaya 恒等式来分析 CO 排放不平等背后的因素。实证结果表明了一些观点，首先，根据分组方法的标准和权重，由于 GDP 在组内不平等中的贡献较低，因此优于人口。此外，通过评估不同省份之间不同形式的能源和 CO 排放消费的不平等，大部分不平等与组内有关，泰尔趋势在天然气和电力方面呈下降趋势；在石油产品方面，这种趋势不明确且波动，而在 CO 排放方面则呈上升趋势。其次，第一阶段和第二阶段的有针对性补贴在短期内减少了石油产品和 CO 排放的消费和不平等。尽管如此，CO 排放的不平等仍在继续增加。第三，CO 排放的国家不平等主要归因于各省之间的能源因素，能源不平等的增加有助于解释 CO 不平等的增加。
