Luo Gangfei, Baležentis Tomas, Zeng Shouzhen
College of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Apr 1;331:117265. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117265. Epub 2023 Jan 11.
With the increasing affluence, the differences in CO emission between urban and rural residential sectors are remarkable and show an increasing trend. In case of China, residential sector accounts for a substantial share of the national CO emission, bringing greater pressure to achieve the goal of carbon peak. Analyzing the emission inequality trend and its drivers is essential for formulating effective CO emission reduction policies. However, the existing literature lacks relevant analysis from the viewpoint of urban-rural disparity. Hence, this study decomposes the CO emission inequality of China's urban and rural residential consumption into four factors by combining the Theil index and Kaya decomposition. The results suggest that, in 2005-2020, the per capita CO emission of rural residential consumption increased to a higher extent than those of urban households, with large differences in spatial distribution. Decomposition of the per capita CO emission inequality for residential sector shows that the primary source is the inequality within the groups, mainly from the urban intra-group inequality. Based on the static decomposition, energy intensity appears as the main factor of urban-rural inequality. The dynamic decomposition shows that there have been differences in the factors of the change in the Theil index between urban and rural areas across sub-periods.
随着富裕程度的提高，城乡居民部门的一氧化碳排放量差异显著且呈上升趋势。以中国为例，居民部门在全国一氧化碳排放中占相当大的比例，给实现碳达峰目标带来了更大压力。分析排放不平等趋势及其驱动因素对于制定有效的一氧化碳减排政策至关重要。然而，现有文献缺乏从城乡差距角度的相关分析。因此，本研究通过结合泰尔指数和卡亚分解，将中国城乡居民消费的一氧化碳排放不平等分解为四个因素。结果表明，2005年至2020年，农村居民消费的人均一氧化碳排放量增长幅度高于城市家庭，且空间分布差异较大。居民部门人均一氧化碳排放不平等的分解表明，主要来源是组内不平等，主要来自城市组内不平等。基于静态分解，能源强度是城乡不平等的主要因素。动态分解表明，不同子时期城乡之间泰尔指数变化的因素存在差异。
